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Dermolomais traditionally known as a small genus of agarics classified in the familyTricholomataceae. This study implemented a multilocus phylogeny of six DNA regions to recognize phylogenetic species within the genus. The species concept is reinforced by observations of well-defined morphological characters enhanced by long term sampling effort in Europe and North America. Thirty EuropeanDermolomaspecies are described, including 16 new species from Europe and three from North American. These species are classified into two subgenera morphologically distinguished by spores with positive or negative amyloid reaction. A new genusNeodermolomais introduced for theDermoloma-like speciesN. campestre. Localized or continental-scale species endemicity was confirmed based on studied material, but more inclusive phylogenetic clustering supported a mixture of North American species among the European clades. Of the 22 names validly published from Europe prior to this study, 11 could be assigned to well-definedDermolomaspecies recognized here. Of the remaining 11 names, two were considered representingDermolomaspecies not recorded since their description, and nine were established as later synonyms of other species. Morphological studies ofDermolomaare challenging due to the relatively low number of characters suitable for identification of species. The majority of morphological characters showed continuous variation with high overlap throughout the genus. For this reason, species identification requires an awareness of morphological variability within species, and multiple distinguishing characters need to be combined, and furthermore, often a barcode sequence is needed for a certain identification. Stable isotope analysis inDermolomaof δ13C and δ15N revealed an ecological signature similar to known CHEGD fungi, i.e.ClavariaceaeandHygrocybes.l. This indicates thatDermolomaspecies are biotrophic but neither ectomycorrhizal nor saprotrophic and may form mutualistic root endophytic associations with vascular plants.
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Paludicola gen. nov. and Revision of the Species Formerly in Batrachospermum Section Turfosa (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta)
Since the first phylogenetic study of the order Batrachospermales, Batrachospermum was shown to be paraphyletic. Subsequently, sections of the genus have been methodically investigated using DNA sequences and morphology in order to propose new genera and delineate species. Batrachospermum section Turfosa is the last section with multiple species yet to be examined. New sequence data of specimens from Europe and the United States were combined with the sparse sequence data already available. Phylogenetic analyses using rbcL and COI- 5P sequences showed this section to be a wellsupported clade, distinct from Batrachospermum section Batrachospermum and its segregate genera. Section Turfosa is raised to the generic rank as Paludicola gen. nov. Substantial genetic variation within the genus was discovered and 12 species are recognized based on DNA sequence data as well as morphological characters and geographic distribution. The following morphological characters were applied to distinguish species: branching pattern (pseudodichotomous or irregular), whorl size (reduced or well developed), primary fascicles (curved or straight), spermatangia origin (primary or secondary fascicles), and carposporophyte arrangement (loose or dense). Previously published species were transferred to the new genus: P. turfosa, P. keratophyta, P. orthosticha, P. phangiae, and P. periploca. Seven new species are proposed as follows: P. groenbladii from Europe; P. communis, P. johnhallii, and P. leafensis from North America; and P. aquanigra, P. diamantinensis, and P. turfosiformis from Brazil. In addition, three unsequenced species in the section, P. bakarensis, P. gombakensis, and P. tapirensis, were transferred to the new genus.
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- PAR ID:
- 10156878
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Phycology
- ISSN:
- 0022-3646
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.13001
