Title: Exploring the affordances of Bayesian networks for modeling usable knowledge and knowledge use in teaching
In this article we propose the use of Bayesian networks as a potentially promising way to model usable knowledge. Using the Classroom Video Analysis (CVA and CVA-M) assessments as a lab model for studying teachers’ usable knowledge, we first explored whether we can identify the knowledge (pieces) underlying teachers’ written responses. In the CVA approach we ask teachers to respond to short video clips of authentic classroom instruction based on different prompts that are designed to simulate common teaching tasks. We then explored the affordances of Bayesian networks to functionally model usable knowledge as an interconnected dynamic knowledge system consisting of different knowledge pieces and connected pathways weighted by situation-specific relevance and applicability. We explore the implications of these models for studying the development and growth of usable knowledge and propose the use of Bayesian networks as a novel and potentially promising way to model usable knowledge and for understanding how knowledge is used in teaching. more »« less
Choque Dextre, Yency Edith; Moreno-Concepción, Juliette; Hernández-Rodríguez, Omar; Villafañe-Cepeda, Wanda; González, Gloriana
(, Proceedings of the 42nd annual meeting of the North American Chapter of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education)
Sacristán, A. I.; Cortés-Zavala, J. C.; Ruiz-Arias, P. M.
(Ed.)
Mathematics pre-service teachers must learn how to use tools like scientific calculators, Computer Algebra System (CAS), text processors and dynamic mathematical environments. These tools allow users to work with mathematical objects, perform specialized tasks, respond in a defined mathematical way, and transmit mathematical knowledge (Dick & Hollebrands, 2011). To achieve the integration of technology in Mathematics Education, the teacher’s role is very important, since their beliefs and knowledge will dictate how they use technology in the classroom (Julie et al., 2010). The goal of this research is to determine the beliefs and knowledge about technology and its integration into the teaching of mathematics by a group of pre-service teachers at the beginning of their first course of methodology in the teaching of mathematics at the secondary level (N=11). Interviews were conducted, and a questionnaire was administered to determine the profile participants use of technology at their schools and universities.
Kosko, Karl W.; Ferdig, Richard E.; Zolfaghari, Maryam
(, Journal of Teacher Education)
Use of video as a representation of practice in teacher education is commonplace. The current study explored the use of a new format (360 video) in the context of preservice teachers’ professional noticing. Findings suggest that preservice teachers viewing 360 videos attended to more student actions than their peers viewing standard video. In addition, using a virtual reality headset to view the 360 videos led to different patterns in where preservice teachers looked in the recorded classroom, and to increased specificity of mathematics content from the scenario. Thus, findings and results support the use of 360 video in teacher education to facilitate teacher noticing. However, future research is needed to further explore this novel technology.
Abstract BackgroundTeacher turnover is a dire and chronic problem for many education systems across the globe. According to UNESCO, 70% of teachers will be replaced by 2030. This study investigates the relationship between the retention of science and mathematics teachers and factors related to human, social, structural, and positive psychological capital—a four-capital teacher retention model. More specifically, this study explores how teaching self-efficacy, leadership engagement, teacher-school fit, diversity beliefs, community connections, and professional social network characteristics (e.g., size, bridging, proximity, reach) relate to teacher retention. Additionally, potential differences in retention and the aforementioned factors related to the four-capital model between Master Teaching Fellows (MTFs) and their peers (non-MTFs) with similar human capital (demographics and experience) are explored in this study. Participants were K-12 science and mathematics teachers (85 MTFs and 82 non-MTFs) from six different regions across the U.S. MTFs participated in one of seven long-term (5–6 years) Robert Noyce Master Teaching Fellowship Programs funded by the National Science Foundation. ResultsLeadership engagement was positively associated with shifting (from teaching to a formal leadership position). Teacher-school fit was negatively associated with leaving. For secondary teachers, teaching self-efficacy was positively associated with shifting to a leadership position. Leadership network size, bridging, and geographic proximity variables were positively related to shifting when compared to staying as classroom teachers. Teaching network bridging and leadership network bridging were positively related to leavers when compared to stayers. MTF shifters were likely to shift earlier in their careers than non-MTFs. Lastly, MTFs had higher self-efficacy, geographically larger teaching networks and leadership networks, and more contacts and bridging roles in their leadership networks than non-MTFs. ConclusionFindings provide support for teacher leadership programs in promoting leadership roles and responsibilities for STEM teachers and retaining teachers in STEM education either in the classroom or in administrative roles. These findings suggest that school administrators may also play a key role in encouraging teachers to engage in leadership activities and have a broader impact on public education by, for example, adopting a hybrid model of leadership roles that involves classroom teaching.
This paper highlights two teachers that participated in two different professional development (PD) experiences who sustained new teaching practices and learning five years after participating. Both PD projects focused on visual representations (VRs) and encouraged and modeled ambitious teaching practices. Teachers provided video clips and participated in interviews to illustrate and describe changes that took place in their learning and practice. Our qualitative analysis showed that (1) the teachers’ use of VRs appears to be strongly connected to teachers' own active learning of VRs in PD, (2) VRs appears to be a key factor that supported the teachers’ use of other ambitious teaching practices in their classroom and (3) that the two teachers remembered and continued to use ambitious practices and VRs in their classrooms in ways that not only aligned to the goals and intention of the PD, but also adapted and extended representations to different mathematical domains and settings. Implications for mathematics education leaders suggest that a focus on VRs may be one tool to anchor learning to deepen teachers’ abilities to engage in ambitious teaching practices.
Scornavacco, K.; Jacobs, J.; Clevenger, C.
(, Annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association)
Using new technology to provide automated feedback on classroom discourse offers a unique opportunity for educators to engage in self-reflection on their teaching, in particular to ensure that the instructional environment is equitable and productive for all students. More information is needed about how teachers experience automated data tools, including what they perceive as relevant and helpful for their everyday teaching. This mixed-methods study explored the perceptions and engagement of 21 math teachers over two years with a big data tool that analyzes classroom recordings and generates information about their discourse practices in near real-time. Findings revealed that teachers perceived the tool as having utility, yet the specific feedback that teachers perceived as most useful changed over time. In addition, teachers who used the tool throughout both years increased their use of talk moves over time, suggesting that they were making changes due to their review of the personalized feedback. These findings speak to promising directions for the development of AI-based, big data tools that help shape teacher learning and instruction, particularly tools that have strong perceived utility.
Kerstmg, N. B. Exploring the affordances of Bayesian networks for modeling usable knowledge and knowledge use in teaching. Retrieved from https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10173474. ZDM 52. Web. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-020-01135-z.
Kerstmg, N. B. Exploring the affordances of Bayesian networks for modeling usable knowledge and knowledge use in teaching. ZDM, 52 (). Retrieved from https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10173474. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-020-01135-z
@article{osti_10173474,
place = {Country unknown/Code not available},
title = {Exploring the affordances of Bayesian networks for modeling usable knowledge and knowledge use in teaching},
url = {https://par.nsf.gov/biblio/10173474},
DOI = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-020-01135-z},
abstractNote = {In this article we propose the use of Bayesian networks as a potentially promising way to model usable knowledge. Using the Classroom Video Analysis (CVA and CVA-M) assessments as a lab model for studying teachers’ usable knowledge, we first explored whether we can identify the knowledge (pieces) underlying teachers’ written responses. In the CVA approach we ask teachers to respond to short video clips of authentic classroom instruction based on different prompts that are designed to simulate common teaching tasks. We then explored the affordances of Bayesian networks to functionally model usable knowledge as an interconnected dynamic knowledge system consisting of different knowledge pieces and connected pathways weighted by situation-specific relevance and applicability. We explore the implications of these models for studying the development and growth of usable knowledge and propose the use of Bayesian networks as a novel and potentially promising way to model usable knowledge and for understanding how knowledge is used in teaching.},
journal = {ZDM},
volume = {52},
author = {Kerstmg, N. B.},
}
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