The central role of entropy in adiabatic ensembles and its application to phase transitions in the grand-isobaric adiabatic ensemble
- Award ID(s):
- 1955403
- PAR ID:
- 10190494
- Publisher / Repository:
- American Institute of Physics
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- The Journal of Chemical Physics
- Volume:
- 153
- Issue:
- 9
- ISSN:
- 0021-9606
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- Article No. 094114
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
More Like this
-
Abstract Adiabatic subtraction is a popular method of renormalization of observables in quantum field theories on a curved spacetime. When applied to the computation of the power spectra of light ( m ≪ H ) fields on de Sitter space with flat Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker slices, the standard prescriptions of adiabatic subtraction, traceable back to [1,2], lead to results that are significantly different from the standard expectations not only in the ultraviolet ( k ≫ aH ) but also at intermediate ( m ≪ k / a ≲ H ) wavelengths. In this paper we review those results and we contrast them with the power spectra obtained using an alternative prescription for adiabatic subtraction applied to quantum field theoretical systems by Dabrowski and Dunne [3,4]. This prescription eliminates the intermediate-wavelength effects of renormalization that are found when using the standard one.more » « less
-
The geometrical Berry phase is key to understanding the behavior of quantum states under cyclic adiabatic evolution. When generalized to non-Hermitian systems with gain and loss, the Berry phase can become complex and should modify not only the phase but also the amplitude of the state. Here, we perform the first experimental measurements of the adiabatic non-Hermitian Berry phase, exploring a minimal two-site PT-symmetric Hamiltonian that is inspired by the Hatano-Nelson model. We realize this non-Hermitian model experimentally by mapping its dynamics to that of a pair of classical oscillators coupled by real-time measurement-based feedback. As we verify experimentally, the adiabatic non-Hermitian Berry phase is a purely geometrical effect that leads to significant amplification and damping of the amplitude also for noncyclical paths within the parameter space even when all eigenenergies are real. We further observe a non-Hermitian analog of the Aharonov-Bohm solenoid effect, observing amplification and attenuation when encircling a region of broken PT symmetry that serves as a source of imaginary flux. This experiment demonstrates the importance of geometrical effects that are unique to non-Hermitian systems and paves the way towards further studies of non-Hermitian and topological physics in synthetic metamaterials.more » « less
An official website of the United States government
