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1. One-proton breakup of 24 Si and the 23 Al( p,γ ) 24 Si reaction in type I x-ray bursts

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.86.015806  

   Banu, A. ; Carstoiu, F. ; Achouri, N. L. ; Catford, W. N. ; Chartier, M. ; Fernández-Domínguez, B. ; Horoi, M. ; Laurent, B. ; Orr, N. A. ; Paschalis, S. ; et al ( July 2012 , Physical Review C)
2. Crystal Structure of Au 36-x Ag x (SPh- t Bu) 24 Nanoalloy and the Role of Ag Doping in Excited State Coupling

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b09060  

   Sakthivel, Naga Arjun ; Stener, Mauro ; Sementa, Luca ; Medves, Marco ; Ramakrishna, Guda ; Fortunelli, Alessandro ; Oliver, Allen G. ; Dass, Amala ( November 2019 , The Journal of Physical Chemistry C)
3. Magnetic Properties of High-Nuclearity Fe x -oxo ( x = 7, 22, 24) Clusters Analyzed by a Multipronged Experimental, Computational, and Magnetostructural Correlation Approach

   https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01371  

   Hale, Ashlyn R. ; Lott, Megan E. ; Peralta, Juan E. ; Foguet-Albiol, Dolos ; Abboud, Khalil A. ; Christou, George ( July 2022 , Inorganic Chemistry)
4. Regulated NiCu Cycles with the New 57 Cu(p, γ ) 58 Zn Reaction Rate and the Influence on Type-I X-Ray Bursts: GS 1826–24 Clocked Burster

   https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226011023  

   Lam, Yi Hua ; Lu, Ning ; Heger, Alexander ; Jacobs, Adam Michael ; Smirnova, Nadezda A. ; Nieto, Teresa Kurtukian ; Johnston, Zac ; Kubono, Shigeru ( January 2022 , EPJ Web of Conferences)

   Liu, W. ; Wang, Y. ; Guo, B. ; Tang, X. ; Zeng, S. (Ed.)

   In Type-I X-ray bursts (XRBs), the rapid-proton capture (rp-) process passes through the NiCu and ZnGa cycles before reaching the region above Ge and Se isotopes that hydrogen burning actively powers the XRBs. The sensitivity study performed by Cyburt et al . [1] shows that the 57 Cu(p, γ ) 58 Zn reaction in the NiCu cycles is the fifth most important rp-reaction influencing the burst light curves. Langer et al . [2] precisely measured some low-lying energy levels of 58 Zn to deduce the 57 Cu(p, γ ) 58 Zn reaction rate. Nevertheless, the order of the 1 + 1 and 2 + 3 resonance states that dominate at 0:2 ≲ T (GK) ≲ 0:8 is not confirmed. The 1 + 2 resonance state, which dominates at the XRB sensitive temperature regime 0:8 ≲ T (GK) ≲ 2 was not detected. Using isobaric-multipletmass equation (IMME), we estimate the order of the 1 + 1 and 2 + 3 resonance states and estimate the lower limit of the 1 + 2 resonance energy. We then determine the 57 Cu(p, γ ) 58 Zn reaction rate using the full pf -model space shell model calculations. The new rate is up to a factor of four lower than the Forstner et al . [3] rate recommended by JINA REACLIBv2.2. Using the present 57 Cu(p, γ ) 58 Zn, the latest 56 Ni(p, γ ) 57 Cu and 55 Ni(p, γ ) 56 Cu reaction rates, and 1D implicit hydrodynamic K epler code, we model the thermonuclear XRBs of the clocked burster GS 1826–24. We find that the new rates regulate the reaction flow in the NiCu cycles and strongly influence the burst-ash composition. The 59 Cu(p, γ ) 56 Ni and 59 Cu(p, α ) 60 Zn reactions suppress the influence of the 57 Cu(p, γ ) 58 Zn reaction. They strongly diminish the impact of the nuclear reaction flow that bypasses the 56 Ni waiting point induced by the 55 Ni(p, γ ) 56 Cu reaction on burst light curve. 

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5. Disruption of a ∼23–24 nucleotide small RNA pathway elevates DNA damage responses in Tetrahymena thermophila

   https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E20-10-0631  

   Lee, Suzanne R. ; Pollard, Daniel A. ; Galati, Domenico F. ; Kelly, Megan L. ; Miller, Brian ; Mong, Christina ; Morris, Megan N. ; Roberts-Nygren, Kerry ; Kapler, Geoffrey M. ; Zinkgraf, Matthew ; et al ( July 2021 , Molecular Biology of the Cell)

   Misteli, Tom (Ed.)

   Endogenous RNA interference (RNAi) pathways regulate a wide range of cellular processes in diverse eukaryotes, yet in the ciliated eukaryote, Tetrahymena thermophila, the cellular purpose of RNAi pathways that generate ∼23–24 nucleotide (nt) small (s)RNAs has remained unknown. Here, we investigated the phenotypic and gene expression impacts on vegetatively growing cells when genes involved in ∼23–24 nt sRNA biogenesis are disrupted. We observed slower proliferation and increased expression of genes involved in DNA metabolism and chromosome organization and maintenance in sRNA biogenesis mutants RSP1Δ, RDN2Δ, and RDF2Δ. In addition, RSP1Δ and RDN2Δ cells frequently exhibited enlarged chromatin extrusion bodies, which are nonnuclear, DNA-containing structures that may be akin to mammalian micronuclei. Expression of homologous recombination factor Rad51 was specifically elevated in RSP1Δ and RDN2Δ strains, with Rad51 and double-stranded DNA break marker γ-H2A.X localized to discrete macronuclear foci. In addition, an increase in Rad51 and γ-H2A.X foci was also found in knockouts of TWI8, a macronucleus-localized PIWI protein. Together, our findings suggest that an evolutionarily conserved role for RNAi pathways in maintaining genome integrity may be extended even to the early branching eukaryotic lineage that gave rise to Tetrahymena thermophila. 

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