skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Explore Research Products in the PAR
It may take a few hours for recently added research products to appear in PAR search results.


Title: Data report: petrology and volcanic stratigraphy at Site U1513, IODP Expedition 369
International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 369 recovered the first stratigraphically constrained volcanic sequence at Site U1513 on the eastern flank of the Naturaliste Plateau. We report macroscopic and microscopic core description and petrophysical data from this 82.20 m thick volcanic sequence (Lithostratigraphic Unit VI). We present a modified volcanic stratigraphy based on postexpedition examination of the core sections from Holes U1513D and U1513E. The volcanic sequence is divided into nine lithologic units consisting of alternating basaltic flows (Units 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9) and volcaniclastic beds (Units 2, 4, 6, and 8), cut by multiple intrusions.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
1326927
PAR ID:
10229111
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ; ;
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program
Volume:
369
ISSN:
2377-3189
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. ; ; (, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program)
    International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 374 recovered high-quality cores at five sites on the Ross Sea continental shelf, slope, and rise to improve the understanding of the sensitivity of the Antarctic ice sheets (and particularly the West Antarctic Ice Sheet) to past climatic and oceanic conditions, especially during a warmer-than-present climate. This report summarizes the petrology of gravel-sized clasts from Site U1521, which is located in the Pennell Basin. The recovered core spans from the early Miocene to the Pleistocene, and it is constituted by cycles of glaciomarine sediments that indicate different paleoenvironmental conditions. Granule- to cobble-sized clasts present in the sedimentary sequence have been counted and grouped into seven different lithologies based on macroscopic and microscopic recognition. The most common lithologic group is represented by low-grade metasedimentary rocks such as metasandstone, metasiltstone, and metagraywacke. Granitoid rocks (mainly monzogranite to granodiorite) are the second most represented group. Dolerites and volcanic rocks are less frequent and are abundant only in some lithostratigraphic units. Chemical analysis of biotite from seven selected metamorphic and intrusive pebbles are also provided. 
    more » « less
  2. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; et al (, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition reports)
    Site U1599 is located ~6 km north of Anafi Island within the upper reaches of the Anafi Basin at a water depth of 592 meters below sea level (mbsl) (Figure F1). Permission to drill in this location was granted by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Environmental Protection and Safety Panel during the expedition (proposed Site CSK-22A). Three holes (U1599A–U1599C) were drilled to a maximum recovery depth of 698.1 meters below seafloor (mbsf) (all depths below seafloor are given using the core depth below seafloor, Method A [CSF-A] scale, except in Operations, where the drilling depth below seafloor [DSF] scale is used), with average hole core recoveries ranging 51%–83% (Figure F2). Whereas Site U1592 is situated on the axis of the Anafi Basin and penetrated a thick basin fill including mass-transported material, Site U1599 is located on the southeast margin of the basin. It was chosen to offer a condensed sequence of tephra without quantities of mass-wasting debris. As such, it provided a complete stratigraphy of volcanic tephra from Santorini and Kolumbo. The same six seismic units (U1–U6, from the bottom up; Preine et al., 2022a, 2022b) present at Site U1592 are present at Site U1599. Site U1599 is located within the area of the 2015 PROTEUS seismic tomography experiment, during which subbottom profiling, gravity, and magnetic data were also recorded (Hooft et al., 2017). Drilling at Site U1599 enabled us to reconstruct a near-complete volcanic stratigraphy consistent with both onshore and offshore constraints and pinned by chronological markers from biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and sapropel records. Benthic foraminifera from fine-grained sediments provided estimates of paleowater depths and, via integration with seismic profiles and chronologic data, of time-integrated basin subsidence rates. Drilling in the Anafi Basin addressed scientific Objectives 1–4 and 6 of the Expedition 398 Scientific Prospectus (Druitt et al., 2022). It was complemented by Site U1589 in the Anhydros Basin because each basin tapped a different sediment distributary branch of the Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo volcanic system. 
    more » « less
  3. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; et al (, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition reports)
    Prior to arrival on site, a decision was made to replace the original primary site (proposed Site CSK-13A) by an alternate site (proposed Site CSK-20A); hence, the latter became Site U1591. This was done to pass through a slightly more complete suite of reflectors in the 800–900 ms two-way traveltime (TWT) interval. Site U1591 is located ~8 km northwest of Christiani Island and ~20 km southwest of Santorini (Figure F1) at 514 meters below sea level (mbsl). It was drilled in three holes (U1591A–U1591C) to a maximum recovery depth of 902.7 meters below seafloor (mbsf) (all depths below seafloor are given using the core depth below seafloor, Method A [CSF-A], scale, except in Operations where the drilling depth below seafloor [DSF] scale is used). Average core recovery was similar in all three holes (U1591A= 66%; U1591B= 43%; U1591C= 58%). The drill site targeted the volcano-sedimentary fill of the Christiana Basin. This basin was believed to have formed by subsidence along an ENE–WSW fault system before the changing tectonic regime activated the current northeast–southwest rift system in which the Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo (CSK) volcanic field lies (Tsampouraki-Kraounaki and Sakellariou, 2018; Preine et al., 2022a, 2022b). Christiana Basin is deeper than the Anhydros and Anafi Basins; its volcano-sedimentary fill potentially recorded the earlier volcanic history of the CSK volcanic field (including the products of Christiana and early Santorini), as well as younger Santorini and possibly Milos Volcano to the west along the Hellenic volcanic arc. The now-extinct Christiana Volcano produced lavas and tuffs of unknown ages (Aarburg and Frechen, 1999). An ignimbrite found on Christiani Island (one of the two small islands of Christiana Volcano), Santorini, and the nonvolcanic island of Anaphi, called the Christiani Ignimbrite, was identified (Keller et al., 2010). Six seismic units were previously recognized in the Christiana Basin (Preine et al., 2022a, 2022b; Figure F2). Site U1591 was chosen to pass through Seismic Units U1–U6, including volcaniclastics from Santorini and Christiana, and to target the top few meters of the prevolcanic basement below Unit U1. We received permission from the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Environmental Protection and Safety Panel to drill to the Alpine basement at this site in an advanced piston corer/extended core barrel/rotary core barrel (APC/XCB/RCB) drilling strategy involving three holes. The aims of Site U1591 were (1) to better date the volcanic activity of Christiana using biostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic means and determine whether the CSK volcanic field had Pliocene volcanism similar to the Milos Volcano farther west; (2) to relate the Christiana volcanism to subsidence along the ENE–WSW fault sets and to the activation of the northeast–southwest fault sets; and (3) to seek the submarine equivalent of the Christiani Ignimbrite. By using deeper coring (and seismic profiles) to reconstruct the volcanic, sedimentary, and tectonic histories of the Christiana Volcano, and possibly the Milos Volcano, we aimed to complement the Santorini and Kolumbo volcanic records of Sites U1589 and U1592 and therefore access a near-continuous time series of volcanism of the CSK volcanic field since rift inception. Site U1591 addressed scientific Objectives 1–4 and 6 of the Expedition 398 Scientific Prospectus (Druitt et al., 2022). 
    more » « less
  4. ; (, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program)
    null (Ed.)
    In this data report, we present postcruise petrophysical measurement results for Hole U1513E. During International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 369, five holes were drilled at Site U1513 on the Naturaliste Plateau offshore southwest Australia. The last and deepest hole, U1513E, recovered a volcanic sequence (Lithostratigraphic Unit VI) consisting of basalt flows, dolerite dikes, and volcaniclastic beds. Because of time constraints, moisture and density (MAD) measurements were not possible on board for Hole U1513E. To obtain bulk (wet), dry, and grain density and porosity data, we performed the MAD analysis on 25 core samples collected from Hole U1513E after the expedition. Among these samples, five were selected to measure ultrasonic velocity and dynamic Poisson’s ratio. Six additional samples from Hole U1513D were analyzed to compare with shipboard data to validate the postcruise measurements. The results are compatible with shipboard data in individual lithologic units. Samples of relatively fresh rocks show bulk and dry density values near 2.5 g/cm3 and porosity near 10%, whereas altered basalts and volcaniclastics exhibit lower values of bulk and dry density and higher values of porosity. Grain density varies between 2.6 and 3.3 g/cm3. S-wave velocity ranges from 934 to 3135 m/s, which accompanies variable dynamic Poisson’s ratio between 0.1 and 0.35. 
    more » « less
  5. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; et al (, Proceedings of the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition reports)
    Site U1593 (proposed Site CSK-04C) is located 8 km northwest of the submarine Kolumbo caldera on its flank in the Anhydros Basin at a water depth of 402 meters below sea level (mbsl) (Figure F1). It lies on Seismic Line HH06-44, offset 600 m northeast from Seismic Line HH06-22 (Figure F2). We drilled to a maximum recovery depth of 250.9 meters below seafloor (mbsf; all depths below seafloor are given using the core depth below seafloor, Method A [CSF-A], scale, except in Operations where the drilling depth below seafloor [DSF] scale is used) in three holes (U1593A–U1593C) with average core recoveries of 60%, 67%, and <1%, respectively. The seismic profiles across the Kolumbo edifice reveal five units interpreted as Kolumbo-derived volcaniclastics (K1 to K5 from the base up), with Seismic Unit K5 representing the 1650 Common Era (CE) eruption (Hübscher et al., 2015; Preine et al., 2022). The submarine cones northeast of Kolumbo postdate Unit K2 on seismic profiles, but their products were not expected to be prominent in our drill cores. The aim of drilling on the flanks of Kolumbo was to penetrate the different seismically recognized volcanic eruption units from that volcano (K1–K3 and K5 or their thin, lateral equivalents) as well as many eruption units from Santorini and traces from the submarine cones northeast of Kolumbo. This enabled characterization of the products of the Kolumbo eruptions and construction of a coherent stratigraphy for Santorini and the submarine Kolumbo volcano chain together. The anticipated lithologies were volcaniclastics, muds, and turbidites. Site U1593 lies at the foot of the Kolumbo edifice, 3 km northwest of Site U1590. Owing to poor recovery at the latter site, we decided to also drill at Site U1593, which lies on the other side (northwest) of the Kolumbo Fault from Site U1590. This had two advantages. First, we could measure the offset across the Kolumbo Fault by correlating key marker layers from one site to the other. Second, the sequence at Site U1593 was more condensed than at Site U1590, offering us older recovery and better hole stability. Like Site U1590, Site U1593 allowed us to drill Seismic Units K1–K3 and K5, and therefore nearly the entire history of Kolumbo Volcano, within the proposed drilling target depth of 581 mbsf. Intercalated seismic units were believed to contain the products of Santorini eruptions, including potentially those of smaller magnitude than recorded at the more distal basin sites. 
    more » « less
  • Citation Formats
  • MLA
  • APA
  • Chicago
  • BibTeX
  • Save / Share this Record
  • Send to Email