Improving the spatial and temporal monitoring of cyanotoxins in Iowa lakes using a multiscale and multi-modal monitoring approach

Douglas Greene, Sarah B.; LeFevre, Gregory H.; Markfort, Corey D.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143327

Variational autoencoders have been recently proposed for the problem of process monitoring. While these works show impressive results over classical methods, the proposed monitoring statistics often ignore the inconsistencies in learned lower-dimensional representations and computational limitations in high-dimensional approximations. In this work, we first manifest these issues and then overcome them with a novel statistic formulation that increases out-of-control detection accuracy without compromising computational efficiency. We demonstrate our results on a simulation study with explicit control over latent variations, and a real-life example of image profiles obtained from a hot steel rolling process.

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