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1. When birds sing at the same pitch, they avoid singing at the same time

   https://doi.org/10.1111/ibi.13192  

   Chronister, Lauren M.; Rhinehart, Tessa A.; Kitzes, Justin (April 2023, Ibis)

   Birds singing in choruses must contend with the possibility of interfering with each other's songs, but not all species will interfere with each other to the same extent due to signal partitioning. Some evidence suggests that singing birds will avoid temporal overlap only in cases where there is overlap in the frequencies their songs occupy, but the extent to which this behaviour varies according to level of frequency overlap is not yet well understood. We investigated the hypothesis that birds will increasingly avoid heterospecific temporal overlap as their frequency overlap increases by testing for a linear correlation between frequency overlap and temporal avoidance across a community of temperate eastern North American birds. We found that there was a significant correlation across the whole community and within 12 of 15 commonly occurring individual species, which supports our hypothesis and adds to the growing body of evidence that birds adjust the timing of their songs in response to frequency overlap. 

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2. BubbleSig: Same-Hand Ballot Stuffing Detection

   https://doi.org/10.1109/MIPR62202.2024.00087  

   Zhao, Fei; Zhang, Chengcui; Shah, Maya; Saxena, Nitesh (August 2024, IEEE)
3. Congruent Number Triangles with the Same Hypotenuse

   Lowry-Duda, David; Hassett, Brendan (July 2021, Arithmetic geometry, number theory, and computation)

   Balakrishnan, J.S.; Elkies, N.; Hassett, B.; Poonen, B.; Sutherland, A.V.; Voight, J. (Ed.)

   In this article, we discuss whether a single congruent number t can have two (or more) distinct corresponding triangles with the same hypotenuse. We describe and carry out computational experimentation providing evidence that this does not occur. 

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4. New Bounds for the Same-Type Lemma

   https://doi.org/10.37236/12414  

   Bukh, Boris; Vasileuski, Alexey (April 2024, The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics)

   Given finite sets $$X_1,\dotsc,X_m$$ in $$\mathbb{R}^d$$ (with $$d$$ fixed), we prove that there are respective subsets $$Y_1,\dotsc,Y_m$$ with $$\lvert Y_i\rvert \geq \frac{1}{poly(m)}\lvert X_i\rvert$$ such that, for $$y_1\in Y_1,\dotsc,y_m\in Y_m$$, the orientations of the\linebreak $(d+1)$-tuples from $$y_1,\dotsc,y_m$$ do not depend on the actual choices of points $$y_1,\dotsc,y_m$$. This generalizes previously known case when all the sets $$X_i$$ are equal. Furthermore, we give a construction showing that polynomial dependence on $$m$$ is unavoidable, as well as an algorithm that approximates the best-possible constants in this result. 

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5. Same-different conceptualization: a machine vision perspective

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.08.008  

   Ricci, Matthew; Cadene, Remi; Serre, Thomas (January 2021, Current opinion in behavioral sciences)

   The goal of this review is to bring together material from cognitive psychology with recent machine vision studies to identify plausible neural mechanisms for visual same-different discrimination and relational understanding. We highlight how developments in the study of artificial neural networks provide computational evidence implicating attention and working memory in the ascertaining of visual relations, including same- different relations. We review some recent attempts to incorporate these mechanisms into flexible models of visual reasoning. Particular attention is given to recent models jointly trained on visual and linguistic information. These recent systems are promising, but they still fall short of the biological standard in several ways, which we outline in a final section. 

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