skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.


Title: A Simple Extension of Answer Set Programs to Embrace Neural Networks (Extended Abstract)
The integration of low-level perception with high-level reasoning is one of the oldest problems in Artificial Intelligence. Today, the topic is revisited with the recent rise of deep neural networks. However, it is still not clear how complex and high-level reasoning, such as default reasoning, ontology reasoning, and causal reasoning, can be successfully computed by these approaches. The latter subject has been well-studied in the area of knowledge representation (KR), but many KR formalisms, including answer set programming (ASP), are logic-oriented and do not incorporate high-dimensional feature space as in deep learning, which limits the applicability of KR in many practical applications.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
1815337 2006747
PAR ID:
10295440
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ;
Editor(s):
Ricca, Francesco et
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Electronic proceedings in theoretical computer science
ISSN:
2075-2180
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. Logic programs (LPs) and argumentation frameworks (AFs) are two declarative knowledge representation (KR) formalisms used for different reasoning tasks. The purpose of this study is interlinking two different reasoning components. To this end, we introduce two frameworks: LPAF and AFLP. The former enables to use the result of argumentation in AF for reasoning in LP, while the latter enables to use the result of reasoning in LP for arguing in AF. These frameworks are extended to bidirectional frameworks in which AF and LP can exchange information with each other. We also investigate their connection to several general KR frameworks from the literature. 
    more » « less
  2. null (Ed.)
    In this paper, we build upon notions from knowledge representation and reasoning (KR) to expand a preliminary logic-based framework that characterizes the model reconciliation problem for explainable planning. We also provide a detailed exposition on the relationship between similar KR techniques, such as abductive explanations and belief change, and their applicability to explainable planning. 
    more » « less
  3. Abstract Knowledge representation and reasoning (KR&R) has been successfully implemented in many fields to enable computers to solve complex problems with AI methods. However, its application to biomedicine has been lagging in part due to the daunting complexity of molecular and cellular pathways that govern human physiology and pathology. In this article, we describe concrete uses of Scalable PrecisiOn Medicine Knowledge Engine (SPOKE), an open knowledge network that connects curated information from thirty‐seven specialized and human‐curated databases into a single property graph, with 3 million nodes and 15 million edges to date. Applications discussed in this article include drug discovery, COVID‐19 research and chronic disease diagnosis, and management. 
    more » « less
  4. Abstract The capture of the xenon and krypton from nuclear reprocessing off‐gas is essential to the treatment of radioactive waste. Although various porous materials have been employed to capture Xe and Kr, the development of high‐performance adsorbents capable of trapping Xe/Kr at very low partial pressure as in the nuclear reprocessing off‐gas conditions remains challenging. Herein, we report a self‐adjusting metal‐organic framework based on multiple weak binding interactions to capture trace Xe and Kr from the nuclear reprocessing off‐gas. The self‐adjusting behavior of ATC‐Cu and its mechanism have been visualized by the in‐situ single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies and theoretical calculations. The self‐adjusting behavior endows ATC‐Cu unprecedented uptake capacities of 2.65 and 0.52 mmol g−1for Xe and Kr respectively at 0.1 bar and 298 K, as well as the record Xe capture capability from the nuclear reprocessing off‐gas. Our work not only provides a benchmark Xe adsorbent but proposes a new route to construct smart materials for efficient separations. 
    more » « less
  5. The Kelvin relation (KR) connecting the Peltier coefficient Π, the thermopower α, and the absolute temperature T via Π = αT is a cornerstone of thermoelectric (TE) physics. It is also a widely recognized example of an Onsager reciprocal relation, a foundational principle in nonequilibrium irreversible thermodynamics. While the KR is routinely invoked to understand TE systems, it has surprisingly little rigorous empirical verification. Accurate experimental tests of the KR are complicated by several factors, including non-Peltier heat flows such as Joule heating or Fourier thermal conduction, uncharacterized thermal contact impedances, and the need for Peltier and thermopower effects to be measured on the same thermopile at the same temperatures. Most empirical assessments of the KR have either made questionable simplifications or been limited in accuracy to several percent. Here, we present a test of the KR that is free of the difficulties of prior experiments and relies only on conventional voltage, current, and temperature measurements, so that it could be performed on any thermopile. Conducting the test on a Bi 2 Te 3 thermopile, the empirical ratio Π/α is found to equal T within a relative deviation < 0.5% for T in the range of 320–340 K. This result is quantitatively consistent with the KR and justifies the use of the KR in TE applications to reasonably high accuracy. 
    more » « less