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1. What is in #P and what is not?

   Ikenmeyer, Christian; Pak, Igor (October 2022, Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science)

   We prove that deciding the vanishing of the character of the symmetric group is C=P-complete. We use this hardness result to prove that the square of the character is not contained in #P, unless the polynomial hierarchy collapses to the second level. This rules out the existence of any (unsigned) combinatorial description for the square of the characters. As a byproduct of our proof we conclude that deciding positivity of the character is PP-complete under many-one reductions, and hence PH-hard under Turing-reductions. 

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2. Mitochondrial Inheritance in Phytopathogenic Fungi—Everything Is Known, or Is It?

   https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113883  

   Mendoza, Hector; Perlin, Michael H.; Schirawski, Jan (June 2020, International Journal of Molecular Sciences)

   Mitochondria are important organelles in eukaryotes that provide energy for cellular processes. Their function is highly conserved and depends on the expression of nuclear encoded genes and genes encoded in the organellar genome. Mitochondrial DNA replication is independent of the replication control of nuclear DNA and as such, mitochondria may behave as selfish elements, so they need to be controlled, maintained and reliably inherited to progeny. Phytopathogenic fungi meet with special environmental challenges within the plant host that might depend on and influence mitochondrial functions and services. We find that this topic is basically unexplored in the literature, so this review largely depends on work published in other systems. In trying to answer elemental questions on mitochondrial functioning, we aim to introduce the aspect of mitochondrial functions and services to the study of plant-microbe-interactions and stimulate phytopathologists to consider research on this important organelle in their future projects. 

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3. What is attentional refreshing in working memory?: What is attentional refreshing?

   https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13616  

   Camos, Valérie; Johnson, Matthew; Loaiza, Vanessa; Portrat, Sophie; Souza, Alessandra; Vergauwe, Evie (July 2018, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences)
4. Oblivious Transfer Is in MiniQCrypt.

   Grilo, Alex; Lin, Huijia; Song, Fang; Vaikuntanathan, Vinod (January 2021, EUROCRYPT)

   null (Ed.)

   MiniQCrypt is a world where quantum-secure one-way functions exist, and quantum communication is possible. We construct an oblivious transfer (OT) protocol in MiniQCrypt that achieves simulation-security in the plain model against malicious quantum polynomial-time adversaries, building on the foundational work of Bennett, Brassard, Crépeau and Skubiszewska (CRYPTO 1991). Combining the OT protocol with prior works, we obtain secure two-party and multi-party computation protocols also in MiniQCrypt. This is in contrast to the classical world, where it is widely believed that one-way functions alone do not give us OT. 

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5. Oblivious Transfer Is in MiniQCrypt

   https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77886-6_18  

   Grilo A.B., Lin H. (January 2021, Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2021. EUROCRYPT 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 12697)

   null (Ed.)