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1. In-plane and out-of-plane deformations of gilt utero-sacral ligaments

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105249  

   Donaldson, Kandace; Thomas, Joseph; Zhu, Yizheng; Clark-Deener, Sherrie; Alperin, Marianna; De Vita, Raffaella (July 2022, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials)
2. Magnetic relaxation in epitaxial films with in-plane and out-of-plane anisotropies

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-06974-7  

   Lisfi, Abdellah; Efe, Frank; Wuttig, Manfred (October 2023, Applied Physics A)
3. Resolving in-plane and out-of-plane mobility using time resolved microwave conductivity

   https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TC00328J  

   Chattopadhyay, Shirsopratim; Kokenyesi, Robert S.; Hong, Min Ji; Watts, C Lowell; Labram, John G. (August 2020, Journal of Materials Chemistry C)

   null (Ed.)

   The contactless characterization technique time resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) provides a means to rapidly and unambiguously approximate carrier mobilities and lifetimes for a variety of semiconducting materials. When using a cavity-based approach however, the technique can conventionally only resolve carrier mobilities in the plane of the substrate. In solar cells, charge carriers are extracted in the direction perpendicular to the substrate, therefore it would be beneficial if one were able to evaluate the mobility in this direction also. Here we present a novel approach for resolving charge carrier mobilities in different planes within a sample. Using a range of 3D-printed sample holders, where the sample is held at various angles relative to the incident light, we are able to simultaneously resolve the mobility in the plane of the sample and out of the plane of the sample. As examples, we have studied the 3-dimensional corner-connected metal halide perovskite methylammonium lead iodide and the 2-dimensional perovskite precusor, lead iodide. 

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4. Mathematics: plane and simple

   https://doi.org/10.33424/FUTURUM85  

   Ballas, Sam (November 2020, Futurum Careers)

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5. In-plane uniaxial pressure-induced out-of-plane antiferromagnetic moment and critical fluctuations in BaFe2As2

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19421-5  

   Liu, Panpan; Klemm, Mason L.; Tian, Long; Lu, Xingye; Song, Yu; Tam, David W.; Schmalzl, Karin; Park, J. T.; Li, Yu; Tan, Guotai; et al (December 2020, Nature Communications)

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   Abstract A small in-plane external uniaxial pressure has been widely used as an effective method to acquire single domain iron pnictide BaFe 2 As 2 , which exhibits twin-domains without uniaxial strain below the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural (nematic) transition temperature T s . Although it is generally assumed that such a pressure will not affect the intrinsic electronic/magnetic properties of the system, it is known to enhance the antiferromagnetic (AF) ordering temperature T N ( <  T s ) and create in-plane resistivity anisotropy above T s . Here we use neutron polarization analysis to show that such a strain on BaFe 2 As 2 also induces a static or quasi-static out-of-plane ( c -axis) AF order and its associated critical spin fluctuations near T N / T s . Therefore, uniaxial pressure necessary to detwin single crystals of BaFe 2 As 2 actually rotates the easy axis of the collinear AF order near T N / T s , and such effects due to spin-orbit coupling must be taken into account to unveil the intrinsic electronic/magnetic properties of the system. 

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