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1. Celebrating the First Four Years of IEEE TTS

   https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2024.3360830  

   Michael, Katina; Abbas, Roba; Roussos, George (December 2023, IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society)

   December 2023 completes the fourth year of the IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society (IEEE TTS or Transactions); an interdisciplinary publication launched in January 2020. This Editorial presents an account of the first 16 issues comprising the first 4 volumes of the Transactions. It also presents the historical backdrop dating back to 2016, outlining the motivations for TTS. This paper furthermore documents how TTS volunteers have shaped the publication’s trajectory toward an internationally recognized and reputable interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary outlet. This has been achieved through interactions between authors, reviewers, associate editors, co-editors, the publications board, steering committee and editorial board-at-large, led by the co-editors-in-chief and the Vice President (VP) of Publications at the IEEE Society on the Social Implications of Technology (IEEE SSIT). SSIT is an established society that celebrated its Golden Jubilee in 2022. TTS resides within IEEE SSIT with co-sponsorship from the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society and the IEEE Computer Society. It is one of three official periodicals of the IEEE SSIT, alongside the 42-year-old IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, and the long-standing IEEE SSIT Newsletter. The reader is invited to celebrate the first four years of TTS, where the Transactions’ foundational pillars and vision of the publication are shared in this Editorial, and where we invite you to join our growing community. 

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2. Towards solving psychology’s fundamental problem

   https://doi.org/10.1177/09593543241254798  

   Beaujean, A_Alexander (July 2024, Theory & Psychology)

   The problem driving this debate issue is old, going back to at least to the 17th century. Yet, psychologists are no closer to solving the problem now than they were centuries ago. In this article I argue that the reason for the lack of definitive solution is that disputants share assumptions that make the problem unsolvable. More specifically, the problem is based on the assumptions that (a) the knowledge field of psychology is coherent and (b) natural scientists employ a common inquiry approach. Both are troublesome. As such, instead of asking questions such as “Should psychologists follow the natural sciences?” it would be much more meaningful to ask questions such as “What does it look like for psychologists in this subfield to follow a scientific approach?” 

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3. Couple Simulation: A Novel Approach for Evaluating Models of Human Mate Choice

   https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868320971258  

   Conroy-Beam, Daniel (January 2021, Personality and Social Psychology Review)

   Choosing a mate is perhaps the most important decision a sexually reproducing organism makes in its lifetime. And yet, psychologists lack a precise description of human mate choice, despite sustained attention from several theoretical perspectives. Here, I argue this limited progress owes to the complexity of mate choice and describe a new modeling approach, called “couple simulation,” designed to compare models of mate choice by challenging them to reproduce real couples within simulated mating markets. I present proof-of-concept simulations that demonstrate couple simulation can identify a population’s true model of mate choice. Furthermore, I apply couple simulation to two samples of real couples and find that the method (a) successfully reconstructs real-world couples, (b) discriminates between models of mate choice, and (c) predicts a wide range of dimensions of relationship quality. Collectively, these results provide evidence that couple simulation offers a framework useful for evaluating theories of human mate choice. 

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4. An Obsession with Definitions

   https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25283-0_1  

   Rogaway, Phillip (July 2019, Progress in Cryptology – LATINCRYPT 2017)

   Lange, Tanja; Dunkelman, Orr (Ed.)

   Many people seem to think that cryptography is all about creating and analyzing cryptographic schemes. This view ignores the centrality of definitions in shaping the character of the field. More than schemes or their analysis, it is definitions that most occupy my thoughts. In this paper, written to accompany an invited talk at Latincrypt 2017, I try to explain my own fascination with definitions. I outline a few of the definitions I’ve recently worked on—garbling schemes, online AE, and onion encryption—and provide some general advice and comments about the definitional enterprise. 

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5. Survey & Experimental Evidence of Cognitive Biases in Psychologists’ Judgments

   Neal, Tess M.S.; Pronin, Emily (February 2019, Society for Personality & Social Psychology)

   Three studies (1 survey, 2 experiments) examine cognitive biases in the professional judgments of nationally-representative samples of psychologists working in legal contexts. Study 1 (N= 84) demonstrates robust evidence of the bias blind spot (Pronin, Lin, & Ross, 2002) in experts’ judgments. Psychologists rated their own susceptibility to bias in their professional work lower than their colleagues (and laypeople). As expected, they perceived bias mitigating procedures as more threatening to their own domain than outside domains, and more experience was correlated with higher perceived threat of bias mitigating procedures. Experimental studies 2 (N=118) & 3 (N=128) with randomly-selected psychologists reveals psychologists overwhelmingly engage in confirmation bias (93% with one decision opportunity in study 1, and 90%, 87%, and 82% across three decision opportunities in study 2). Cognitive reflection was negatively correlated with confirmation bias. Psychologists were also susceptible to order effects in that the order of symptoms presented affected their diagnoses–even though the same symptoms existed in the different scenarios (in opposite orders). 

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