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Abstract The Miltogramminae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) includes ~600 species across >40 genera, which constitute ~20% of global Sarcophagidae. While molecular phylogenetic hypotheses have been produced for this group, critical problems persist, including the presence of paraphyletic genera, uncertain relationships between genera, a bias of sampling towards Palaearctic taxa, and low support for many branches. The present study remedies these issues through the application of Anchored Hybrid Enrichment (AHE) to a sample including ~60% of the currently recognised genera (16% of known species) representing all biogeographic regions except the Neotropical. An alignment of 1,281 concatenated loci was analysed with maximum likelihood (RAxML, IQ‐TREE), Bayesian inference (ExaBayes) and coalescent‐based approaches (ASTRAL, SVDquartets), which resulted in highly supported and concordant topologies, providing unprecedented insight into the relationships of this subfamily of flesh flies, allowing a major update to miltogrammine classification. The AHE phylogenetic hypothesis supports the monophyly of a large proportion of genera. The monophyly ofMetopiaMeigen is restored by synonymy withAenigmetopiaMalloch,syn.n.To achieve monophyly ofMiltogrammaMeigen, eight species are transferred fromPterellaRobineau‐Desvoidy. The genusPterellais shown to be paraphyletic in its current circumscription, and to restore generic monophylyPterellais restricted to contain onlyPt. grisea(Meigen).ErioproctaEnderlein,stat.rev., is resurrected. The genusSenotainiaMacquart is reconstructed as paraphyletic. The monotypic genusMetopodiaBrauer & Bergenstamm is synonymised withTaxigrammaMacquart,syn.n.In light of our phylogenetic hypotheses, a new Miltogramminae tribal classification is proposed, composed of six tribes.
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Molecular phylogeny of the orb-weaving spider genus Leucauge and the intergeneric relationships of Leucauginae (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)
The tetragnathid genus Leucauge includes some of the most common orb-weaving spiders in the tropics. Although some species in this genus have attained relevance as model systems for several aspects of spider biology, our understanding of the generic diversity and evolutionary relationships among the species is poor. In this study we present the first attempt to determine the phylogenetic structure within Leucauge and the relationship of this genus with other genera of Leucauginae. This is based on DNA sequences from the five loci commonly used and Histone H4, used for the first time in spider phylogenetics. We also assess the informativeness of the standard markers and test for base composition biases in the dataset. Our results suggest that Leucauge is not monophyletic since species of the genera Opas, Opadometa, Mecynometa and Alcimosphenus are included within the current circumscription of the genus. Based on a phylogenetic re-circumscription of the genus to fulfil the requirement for monophyly of taxa, Leucauge White, 1841 is deemed to be a senior synonym of the genera Opas Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 revalidated synonymy, Mecynometa Simon, 1894 revalidated synonymy, Opadometa Archer, 1951 new synonymy and Alcimosphenus Simon, 1895 new synonymy. We identify groups of taxa critical for resolving relationships within Leucauginae and describe the limitations of the standard loci for accomplishing these resolutions.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1754289
- PAR ID:
- 10332659
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Invertebrate Systematics
- ISSN:
- 1445-5226
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21029
