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1. Global Observing Needs in the Deep Ocean

   https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00241  

   Levin, Lisa A. ; Bett, Brian J. ; Gates, Andrew R. ; Heimbach, Patrick ; Howe, Bruce M. ; Janssen, Felix ; McCurdy, Andrea ; Ruhl, Henry A. ; Snelgrove, Paul ; Stocks, Karen I. ; et al ( May 2019 , Frontiers in Marine Science)

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2. The Deep Ocean Observing Strategy: Addressing Global Challenges in the Deep Sea Through Collaboration

   https://doi.org/10.4031/MTSJ.56.3.11  

   Smith, Leslie M. ; Cimoli, Laura ; LaScala-Gruenewald, Diana ; Pachiadaki, Maria ; Phillips, Brennan ; Pillar, Helen ; Stopa, Justin E. ; Baumann-Pickering, Simone ; Beaulieu, Stace E. ; Bell, Katherine L.C. ; et al ( June 2022 , Marine Technology Society Journal)

   Abstract The Deep Ocean Observing Strategy (DOOS) is an international, community-driven initiative that facilitates collaboration across disciplines and fields, elevates a diverse cohort of early career researchers into future leaders, and connects scientific advancements to societal needs. DOOS represents a global network of deep-ocean observing, mapping, and modeling experts, focusing community efforts in the support of strong science, policy, and planning for sustainable oceans. Its initiatives work to propose deep-sea Essential Ocean Variables; assess technology development; develop shared best practices, standards, and cross-calibration procedures; and transfer knowledge to policy makers and deep-ocean stakeholders. Several of these efforts align with the vision of the UN Ocean Decade to generate the science we need to create the deep ocean we want. DOOS works toward (1) a healthy and resilient deep ocean by informing science-based conservation actions, including optimizing data delivery, creating habitat and ecological maps of critical areas, and developing regional demonstration projects; (2) a predicted deep ocean by strengthening collaborations within the modeling community, determining needs for interdisciplinary modeling and observing system assessment in the deep ocean; (3) an accessible deep ocean by enhancing open access to innovative low-cost sensors and open-source plans, making deep-ocean data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable, and focusing on capacity development in developing countries; and finally (4) an inspiring and engaging deep ocean by translating science to stakeholders/end users and informing policy and management decisions, including in international waters. 

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3. Reversible scavenging traps hydrothermal iron in the deep ocean

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116297  

   Roshan, Saeed ; DeVries, Tim ; Wu, Jingfeng ; John, Seth ; Weber, Thomas ( July 2020 , Earth and Planetary Science Letters)
4. Demons in the North Atlantic: Variability of Deep Ocean Ventilation

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL092340  

   MacGilchrist, G. A. ; Johnson, H. L. ; Lique, C. ; Marshall, D. P. ( April 2021 , Geophysical Research Letters)

   Translation of atmospheric forcing variability into the ocean interior via ocean ventilation is an important aspect of transient climate change. On a seasonal timescale in the subtropics, this translation is mediated by a so‐called “Demon” that prevents access to all except late‐winter mixed‐layer water. Here, we use an eddy‐permitting numerical circulation model to investigate a similar process operating on longer (interannual) timescales in the subpolar North Atlantic. We find that variations in atmospheric forcing are mediated in their translation to the ocean interior, with year‐to‐year changes in the late‐winter mixed layer depth being the critical factor. The signature of persistent strong atmospheric forcing driving deep mixed layers is preferentially ventilated to the interior when the forcing is ceased. Susceptibility to this effect depends on the location and density of subduction—with the rate at which newly ventilated water escapes its region of subduction being the crucial factor.

    

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5. Deepening the Late Quaternary's Deep Ocean Carbon Mysteries

   https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099161  

   Farmer, Jesse R. ( July 2022 , Geophysical Research Letters)

   Changes to the carbon content of the deep ocean, the largest reservoir in the surficial carbon cycle, are capable of altering atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and thereby Earth's climate. While the role of the deep ocean's carbon inventory in the last ice age has been thoroughly investigated, comparatively little is known about whether the deep ocean contributed to the change in the pacing and intensity of ice ages around 1 million years ago during the Mid‐Pleistocene Transition (MPT). Qin et al. (2022,https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL097121) provide new reconstructions of deep ocean carbonate ion saturation, a proxy for carbon content, from the deep Pacific Ocean across the MPT. Intriguingly, their results show that a reduction in deep Pacific carbonate ion saturation across the MPT occurred at different intervals from carbonate ion saturation decline in the deep Atlantic Ocean. These results suggest a more nuanced contribution of whole‐ocean carbon sequestration to the climate changes reconstructed across the MPT.

    

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