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1. Medial Axis Isoperimetric Profiles

   https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14064  

   Zhang, P.; DeFord, D.; Solomon, J. (August 2020, Computer Graphics Forum)

   Abstract Recently proposed as a stable means of evaluating geometric compactness, theisoperimetric profileof a planar domain measures the minimum perimeter needed to inscribe a shape with prescribed area varying from 0 to the area of the domain. While this profile has proven valuable for evaluating properties of geographic partitions, existing algorithms for its computation rely on aggressive approximations and are still computationally expensive. In this paper, we propose a practical means of approximating the isoperimetric profile and show that for domains satisfying a“thick neck”condition, our approximation is exact. For more general domains, we show that our bound is still exact within a conservative regime and is otherwise an upper bound. Our method is based on a traversal of the medial axis which produces efficient and robust results. We compare our technique with the state‐of‐the‐art approximation to the isoperimetric profile on a variety of domains and show significantly tighter bounds than were previously achievable. 

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2. Conformal aerosol jet printing using a 3-axis printer

   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mfglet.2023.08.011  

   Jignasu, Anushrut; Rurup, Jeremy D; Secor, Ethan B; Krishnamurthy, Adarsh (August 2023, Manufacturing Letters)
3. A Flush-Mounted Dual-Axis Wall Shear Stress Sensor

   https://doi.org/10.1109/JMEMS.2020.3008471  

   Freidkes, Brett R.; Mills, David A.; Patterson, William C.; Fournier, Philip M.; Sheplak, Mark (October 2020, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems)

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4. Flexibility is a hidden axis of biomechanical diversity in fishes

   https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.245308  

   Jimenez, Yordano E.; Lucas, Kelsey N.; Long, John H.; Tytell, Eric D. (April 2023, Journal of Experimental Biology)

   ABSTRACT Nearly all fish have flexible bodies that bend as a result of internal muscular forces and external fluid forces that are dynamically coupled with the mechanical properties of the body. Swimming is therefore strongly influenced by the body's flexibility, yet we do not know how fish species vary in their flexibility and in their ability to modulate flexibility with muscle activity. A more fundamental problem is our lack of knowledge about how any of these differences in flexibility translate into swimming performance. Thus, flexibility represents a hidden axis of diversity among fishes that may have substantial impacts on swimming performance. Although engineers have made substantial progress in understanding these fluid–structure interactions using physical and computational models, the last biological review of these interactions and how they give rise to fish swimming was carried out more than 20 years ago. In this Review, we summarize work on passive and active body mechanics in fish, physical models of fish and bioinspired robots. We also revisit some of the first studies to explore flexural stiffness and discuss their relevance in the context of more recent work. Finally, we pose questions and suggest future directions that may help reveal important links between flexibility and swimming performance. 

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5. MaxViT: Multi-Axis Vision Transformer

   Zhengzhong Tu, Hossein Talebi (September 2022, arXivorg)