More Like this

1. Residential Segregation, Neighborhood Health Care Organizations, and Children's Health Care Utilization in the Phoenix Urbanized Area

   https://doi.org/10.1111/cico.12475  

   Anderson, Kathryn Freeman (January 2020, City & Community)
2. Racial/Ethnic Residential Segregation, Neighborhood Health Care Provision, and Choice of Pediatric Health Care Provider Across the USA

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s40615-023-01766-4  

   Anderson, Kathryn Freeman; Wolski, Caroline (August 2023, Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities)

   Much research has been conducted that demonstrates a link between racial/ethnic residential segregation and health care outcomes. We suggest that minority segregated neighborhoods may have diminished access to organizations and that this differential access may contribute to differences in health care outcomes across communities. We analyze this specifically using the case of pediatric health care provider choice. To examine this association, we estimate a series of multinomial logistic regression models using restricted data with ZIP code level geoidentifiers from the 2011–2012 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH). We find that racial/ethnic residential segregation is related to a greater reliance on non-ideal forms of health care, such as clinics, and hospital outpatient departments, instead of pediatric physician’s offices. This association is at least partially attenuated by the distribution of health care facilities in the local area, physician’s offices, and health care practitioners in particular. Additionally, families express greater dissatisfaction with these other forms of care compared to physician’s offices, demonstrating that the lack of adequate health care provision is meaningful for health care outcomes. This study expands the literature by examining how the siting of health organizations has consequences for individuals residing within these areas. 

   more » « less
3. Tutorial: Causal AI for Web and Health Care.

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3543873.3587713  

   Usha Lokala, Kaushik Roy (April 2023, Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference)

   Improving the performance and explanations of ML algorithms is a priority for adoption by humans in the real world. In critical domains such as healthcare, such technology has significant potential to reduce the burden on humans and considerably reduce manual assessments by providing quality assistance at scale. In today’s data-driven world, artificial intelligence (AI) systems are still experiencing issues with bias, explainability, and human-like reasoning and interpretability. Causal AI is the technique that can reason and make human-like choices making it possible to go beyond narrow Machine learning-based techniques and can be integrated into human decision-making. It also offers intrinsic explainability, new domain adaptability, bias free predictions, and works with datasets of all sizes. In this tutorial of type lecture style, we detail how a richer representation of causality in AI systems using a knowledge graph (KG) based approach is needed for intervention and counterfactual reasoning (Figure 1), how do we get to model-based and domain explainability, how causal representations helps in web and health care. 

   more » « less
4. Racial/Ethnic Residential Segregation, Neighborhood Health Care Provision, and Choice of Pediatric Health Care Provider across the United States

   Anderson, Kathryn Freeman Wolski (January 2023, American Sociological Association annual meeting)

   Previous work has suggested that minority segregated neighborhoods may have diminished access to health care, and that this may contribute to differences in health outcomes across communities. We analyze this using the case of pediatric provider choice. We estimate a series of multinomial logistic regression models using restricted data from the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH). We find that racial/ethnic residential segregation is related to a greater reliance on non-ideal forms of health care, such as clinics and hospital outpatient departments, instead of pediatric physician’s offices. Additionally, families express greater dissatisfaction with these other forms of care. 

   more » « less
5. Student loans, physical and mental health, and health care use and delay in college

   https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2022.2151840  

   Kuperberg, Arielle; Williams, Kenneshia; Mazelis, Joan Maya (January 2023, Journal of American College Health)

   Objective: Determine relationships between college students’ student loan presence and self-rated physical and mental health, major medical problems, mental health conditions, physical, dental, and mental health care visits and delays, and medication use and reductions. Participants: A total of 3,248 undergraduates at two regional public U.S. universities, surveyed Spring 2017. Methods: OLS and Logistic regression. Results: Loan presence was related to significantly worse self-rated physical and mental health and more major medical problems, but not to mental health conditions, or physical or mental health medication use. Respondents with loans were less likely to visit the dentist and more likely to report delaying medical, dental, and mental health care, and reducing medication use to save money. Conclusions: Results provide evidence of health and health care use divides among college students by loan presence. 

   more » « less