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1. Lab-on-a-Smartphone (LOS): A smartphone-integrated, optoelectrowetting-driven environmental sensor for on-site detection of water quality

   https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS52175.2022.9967199  

   Thio, Si Kuan; Park, Sung-Yong (January 2022, IEEE Sensors)

   A lab-on-a-smartphone (LOS) presents a portable environmental sensing tool that enables the monitoring of water quality by performing various detection techniques such as smartphone-integrated fluorescence microscopy and portable loop-mediated amplification (LAMP) assays. The LOS can conduct multiple laboratory functions and has experimentally demonstrated (1) automated on-chip water sample processing, (2) on-site fluorescent detection of harmful algae cells, and (3) fecal contamination of water through LAMP assays. The LOS can overcome conventional labor-intensive and time-consuming techniques for the monitoring of microbiological contaminants in environment waters. 

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2. A Smartphone-Based Disposable Hemoglobin Sensor Based on Colorimetric Analysis

   https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010394  

   Meng, Zhuolun; Tayyab, Muhammad; Lin, Zhongtian; Raji, Hassan; Javanmard, Mehdi (January 2023, Sensors)

   Hemoglobin is a biomarker of interest for the diagnosis and prognosis of various diseases such as anemia, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia. In this paper, we present a disposable device that has the potential of being used in a setting for accurately quantifying hemoglobin levels in whole blood based on colorimetric analysis using a smartphone camera. Our biosensor employs a disposable microfluidic chip which is made using medical-grade tapes and filter paper on a glass slide in conjunction with a custom-made PolyDimethylSiloaxane (PDMS) micropump for enhancing capillary flow. Once the blood flows through the device, the glass slide is imaged using a smartphone equipped with a custom 3D printed attachment. The attachment has a Light Emitting Diode (LED) that functions as an independent light source to reduce the noise caused by background illumination and external light sources. We then use the RGB values obtained from the image to quantify the hemoglobin levels. We demonstrated the capability of our device for quantifying hemoglobin in Bovine Hemoglobin Powder, Frozen Beef Blood, and human blood. We present a logarithmic model that specifies the relationship between the Red channel of the RGB values and Hemoglobin concentration. 

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3. POD: A Smartphone That Flies

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3469259.3470490  

   Chen, Guojun; Weiner, Noah; Zhong, Lin (June 2021, Dronet'21: Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Micro Aerial Vehicle Networks, Systems, and Applications)

   We present POD, a smartphone that flies, as a new way to achieve hands-free, eyes-up mobile computing. Unlike existing drone-carried user interfaces, POD features a smartphone-sized display and the computing and sensing power of a modern smartphone. We share our experience in prototyping POD, discuss the technical challenges facing it, and describe early results toward addressing them. 

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4. A Modular Smartphone for Lending

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3126594.3126633  

   Seyed, Teddy; Yang, Xing-Dong; Vogel, Daniel (October 2017, Proceedings of the 30th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology)

   We motivate, design, and prototype a modular smartphone designed to make temporary device lending trustworthy and convenient. The concept is that the phone can be separated into pieces, so a child, friend, or even stranger can begin an access-controlled interaction with one piece, while the own-er retains another piece to continue their tasks and monitor activity. This is grounded in a survey capturing attitudes towards device lending, and an exploratory study probing how people might lend pieces of different kinds of modular smartphones. Design considerations are generated for a hardware form factor and software interface to support different lending scenarios. A functional prototype combining three smartphones into a single modular device is described and used to demonstrate a lending interaction design. A usability test validates the concept using the prototype. 

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5. iGenomics: Comprehensive DNA sequence analysis on your Smartphone

   https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giaa138  

   Palatnick, Aspyn; Zhou, Bin; Ghedin, Elodie; Schatz, Michael_C (December 2020, GigaScience)

   Abstract BackgroundFollowing the miniaturization of integrated circuitry and other computer hardware over the past several decades, DNA sequencing is on a similar path. Leading this trend is the Oxford Nanopore sequencing platform, which currently offers the hand-held MinION instrument and even smaller instruments on the horizon. This technology has been used in several important applications, including the analysis of genomes of major pathogens in remote stations around the world. However, despite the simplicity of the sequencer, an equally simple and portable analysis platform is not yet available. ResultsiGenomics is the first comprehensive mobile genome analysis application, with capabilities to align reads, call variants, and visualize the results entirely on an iOS device. Implemented in Objective-C using the FM-index, banded dynamic programming, and other high-performance bioinformatics techniques, iGenomics is optimized to run in a mobile environment. We benchmark iGenomics using a variety of real and simulated Nanopore sequencing datasets of viral and bacterial genomes and show that iGenomics has performance comparable to the popular BWA-MEM/SAMtools/IGV suite, without necessitating a laptop or server cluster. ConclusionsiGenomics is available open source (https://github.com/stuckinaboot/iGenomics) and for free on Apple's App Store (https://apple.co/2HCplzr). 

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