Abstract Through-tool minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) drilling has been used in industry for decades, but little information is available on the coolant channel design and the effect on fluid distribution due to the inability of in-situ measurement. This study utilizes an Euler–Lagrange computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to uncover the two-phase flow behavior in MQL drilling. Air is the primary phase modeled as a compressible and turbulent flow. The lubricant droplets are simulated as discrete particles with a proper size distribution. Two-way coupling and droplet-wall interactions are both considered. The results show that the primary phase can reach velocities in the transonic region and is dependent on the helical path of the channel. In addition, most of the lubricant droplets (>95%) impact the channel wall to form fluid film instead of following the air stream. In the cutting zone, droplets can hardly reach the cutting edges in both circular and triangular channel shapes. Finally, a custom-made drilling testbed, along with a transparent work-material simulant, is used to observe and qualitatively validate these results.
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Effect of Channel Roughness on Micro-Droplet Distribution in Internal Minimum Quantity Lubrication
This research studied the effect of channel roughness on micro-droplet distributions in internal minimum quantity lubrication for effective machining. Mixtures of different oils and air were flown though internal channels with simulated different roughness: as fabricated, partially threaded, and fully threaded. The airborne droplets were collected, analyzed, and compared with simulated results by computational fluid dynamics. For low-viscous lubricant, the rough channel surface helped to break large droplets in the boundary layer into smaller droplets and reintroduce them into the main downstream flow. The opposite trend was found for the higher viscous lubricant. The study also performed chemical etching to roughen selected surfaces of carbide cutting tools. The synergy of hand and ultrasonic agitation successfully roughened a carbide surface within twelve minutes. Scanning electron microscopy examination showed deep etching that removed all grinding marks on a WC–Co cutting tool surface.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1760985
- NSF-PAR ID:
- 10427452
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Dynamics
- Volume:
- 2
- Issue:
- 4
- ISSN:
- 2673-8716
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 336 to 355
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.3390/dynamics2040019
