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Social VR has increased in popularity due to its affordances for rich, embodied, and nonverbal communication. However, nonverbal communication remains inaccessible for blind and low vision people in social VR. We designed accessible cues with audio and haptics to represent three nonverbal behaviors: eye contact, head shaking, and head nodding. We evaluated these cues in real-time conversation tasks where 16 blind and low vision participants conversed with two other users in VR. We found that the cues were effective in supporting conversations in VR. Participants had statistically significantly higher scores for accuracy and confidence in detecting attention during conversations with the cues than without. We also found that participants had a range of preferences and uses for the cues, such as learning social norms. We present design implications for handling additional cues in the future, such as the challenges of incorporating AI. Through this work, we take a step towards making interpersonal embodied interactions in VR fully accessible for blind and low vision people.
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Nonverbal Communication Cue Recognition: A Pathway to More Accessible Communication
Nonverbal communication, such as body language, facial expressions, and hand gestures, is crucial to human communication as it conveys more information about emotions and attitudes than spoken words. However, individuals who are blind or have low-vision (BLV) may not have access to this method of communication, leading to asymmetry in conversations. Developing systems to recognize nonverbal communication cues (NVCs) for the BLV community would enhance communication and understanding for both parties. This paper focuses on developing a multimodal computer vision system to recognize and detect NVCs. To accomplish our objective, we are collecting a dataset focused on nonverbal communication cues. Here, we propose a baseline model for recognizing NVCs and present initial results on the Aff-Wild2 dataset. Our baseline model achieved an accuracy of 68% and a F1-Score of 64% on the Aff-Wild2 validation set, making it comparable with previous state of the art results. Furthermore, we discuss the various challenges associated with NVC recognition as well as the limitations of our current work.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2041307
- PAR ID:
- 10428814
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- In proceedings of Women in Computer Vision Workshop in conjunction with IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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