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Nonlinear electrokinetic phenomena offer label-free, portable, and robust approaches for particle and cell assessment, including selective enrichment, separation, sorting, and characterization. The field of electrokinetics has evolved substantially since the first separation reports by Arne Tiselius in the 1930s. The last century witnessed major advances in the understanding of the weak-field theory, which supported developments in the use of linear electrophoresis and its adoption as a routine analytical technique. More recently, an improved understanding of the strong-field theory enabled the development of nonlinear electrokinetic techniques such as electrorotation, dielectrophoresis, and nonlinear electrophoresis. This review discusses the operating principles and recent applications of these three nonlinear electrokinetic phenomena for the analysis and manipulation of particles and cells and provides an overview of some of the latest developments in the field of nonlinear electrokinetics.
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Microscale electrokinetic‐based analysis of intact cells and viruses
Abstract Miniaturized electrokinetic methods have proven to be robust platforms for the analysis and assessment of intact microorganisms, offering short response times and higher integration than their bench‐scale counterparts. The present review article discusses three types of electrokinetic‐based methodologies: electromigration or motion‐based techniques, electrode‐based electrokinetics, and insulator‐based electrokinetics. The fundamentals of each type of methodology are discussed and relevant examples from recent reports are examined, to provide the reader with an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art on the latest advancements on the analysis of intact cells and viruses with microscale electrokinetic techniques. The concluding remarks discuss the potential applications and future directions.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1705895
- PAR ID:
- 10446931
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- ELECTROPHORESIS
- Volume:
- 43
- Issue:
- 1-2
- ISSN:
- 0173-0835
- Format(s):
- Medium: X Size: p. 263-287
- Size(s):
- p. 263-287
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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