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1. Measurement of the very rare K+ → $$ {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ decay

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2021)093  

   Cortina Gil, E. ; Kleimenova, A. ; Minucci, E. ; Padolski, S. ; Petrov, P. ; Shaikhiev, A. ; Volpe, R. ; Numao, T. ; Petrov, Y. ; Velghe, B. ; et al ( June 2021 , Journal of High Energy Physics)

   A bstract The NA62 experiment reports the branching ratio measurement $$ \mathrm{BR}\left({K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu}\right)=\left({10.6}_{-3.4}^{+4.0}\left|{}_{\mathrm{stat}}\right.\pm {0.9}_{\mathrm{syst}}\right)\times {10}^{-11} $$ BR K + → π + ν ν ¯ = 10.6 − 3.4 + 4.0 stat ± 0.9 syst × 10 − 11 at 68% CL, based on the observation of 20 signal candidates with an expected background of 7.0 events from the total data sample collected at the CERN SPS during 2016–2018. This provides evidence for the very rare K + → $$ {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ π + ν ν ¯ decay, observed with a significance of 3.4 σ . The experiment achieves a single event sensitivity of (0 . 839 ± 0 . 054) × 10 − 11 , corresponding to 10.0 events assuming the Standard Model branching ratio of (8 . 4 ± 1 . 0) × 10 − 11 . This measurement is also used to set limits on BR( K + → π + X ), where X is a scalar or pseudo-scalar particle. Details are given of the analysis of the 2018 data sample, which corresponds to about 80% of the total data sample. 

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2. An investigation of the very rare $$ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ decay

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2020)042  

   Cortina Gil, E. ; Kleimenova, A. ; Minucci, E. ; Padolski, S. ; Petrov, P. ; Shaikhiev, A. ; Volpe, R. ; Numao, T. ; Velghe, B. ; Bryman, D. ; et al ( November 2020 , Journal of High Energy Physics)

   null (Ed.)

   A bstract The NA62 experiment reports an investigation of the $$ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ K + → π + ν ν ¯ mode from a sample of K + decays collected in 2017 at the CERN SPS. The experiment has achieved a single event sensitivity of (0 . 389 ± 0 . 024) × 10 − 10 , corresponding to 2.2 events assuming the Standard Model branching ratio of (8 . 4 ± 1 . 0) × 10 − 11 . Two signal candidates are observed with an expected background of 1.5 events. Combined with the result of a similar analysis conducted by NA62 on a smaller data set recorded in 2016, the collaboration now reports an upper limit of 1 . 78 × 10 − 10 for the $$ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ K + → π + ν ν ¯ branching ratio at 90% CL. This, together with the corresponding 68% CL measurement of ( $$ {0.48}_{-0.48}^{+0.72} $$ 0.48 − 0.48 + 0.72 ) × 10 − 10 , are currently the most precise results worldwide, and are able to constrain some New Physics models that predict large enhancements still allowed by previous measurements. 

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3. Size dependence- and induced transformations- of fractional quantum Hall effects under tilted magnetic fields

   https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-22812-x  

   Wijewardena, U. Kushan ; Nanayakkara, Tharanga R. ; Kriisa, Annika ; Reichl, Christian ; Wegscheider, Werner ; Mani, Ramesh G. ( November 2022 , Scientific Reports)

   Two-dimensional electron systems subjected to high transverse magnetic fields can exhibit Fractional Quantum Hall Effects (FQHE). In the GaAs/AlGaAs 2D electron system, a double degeneracy of Landau levels due to electron-spin, is removed by a small Zeeman spin splitting,$$g \mu _B B$$$g{\mu }_{B}B$, comparable to the correlation energy. Then, a change of the Zeeman splitting relative to the correlation energy can lead to a re-ordering between spin polarized, partially polarized, and unpolarized many body ground states at a constant filling factor. We show here that tuning the spin energy can produce fractionally quantized Hall effect transitions that include both a change in$$\nu$$$\nu$for the$$R_{xx}$$$R_{\mathrm{xx}}$minimum, e.g., from$$\nu = 11/7$$$\nu =11/7$to$$\nu = 8/5$$$\nu =8/5$, and a corresponding change in the$$R_{xy}$$$R_{\mathrm{xy}}$, e.g., from$$R_{xy}/R_{K} = (11/7)^{-1}$$$R_{\mathrm{xy}}/R_K={(11/7)}^{-1}$to$$R_{xy}/R_{K} = (8/5)^{-1}$$$R_{\mathrm{xy}}/R_K={(8/5)}^{-1}$, with increasing tilt angle. Further, we exhibit a striking size dependence in the tilt angle interval for the vanishing of the$$\nu = 4/3$$$\nu =4/3$and$$\nu = 7/5$$$\nu =7/5$resistance minima, including “avoided crossing” type lineshape characteristics, and observable shifts of$$R_{xy}$$$R_{\mathrm{xy}}$at the$$R_{xx}$$$R_{\mathrm{xx}}$minima- the latter occurring for$$\nu = 4/3, 7/5$$$\nu =4/3,7/5$and the 10/7. The results demonstrate both size dependence and the possibility, not just of competition between different spin polarized states at the same$$\nu$$$\nu$and$$R_{xy}$$$R_{\mathrm{xy}}$, but also the tilt- or Zeeman-energy-dependent- crossover between distinct FQHE associated with different Hall resistances.

    

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4. Search for heavy resonances decaying into a pair of Z bosons in the $$\ell ^+\ell ^-\ell '^+\ell '^-$$ and $$\ell ^+\ell ^-\nu {{\bar{\nu }}}$$ final states using 139 $$\mathrm {fb}^{-1}$$ of proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13\,$$TeV with the ATLAS detector

   https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09013-y  

   Aad, G. ; Abbott, B. ; Abbott, D. C. ; Abud, A. Abed ; Abeling, K. ; Abhayasinghe, D. K. ; Abidi, S. H. ; AbouZeid, O. S. ; Abraham, N. L. ; Abramowicz, H. ; et al ( April 2021 , The European Physical Journal C)

   null (Ed.)

   Abstract A search for heavy resonances decaying into a pair of Z bosons leading to $$\ell ^+\ell ^-\ell '^+\ell '^-$$ ℓ + ℓ - ℓ ′ + ℓ ′ - and $$\ell ^+\ell ^-\nu {{\bar{\nu }}}$$ ℓ + ℓ - ν ν ¯ final states, where $$\ell $$ ℓ stands for either an electron or a muon, is presented. The search uses proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected from 2015 to 2018 that corresponds to the integrated luminosity of 139 $$\mathrm {fb}^{-1}$$ fb - 1 recorded by the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider. Different mass ranges spanning 200 GeV to 2000 GeV for the hypothetical resonances are considered, depending on the final state and model. In the absence of a significant observed excess, the results are interpreted as upper limits on the production cross section of a spin-0 or spin-2 resonance. The upper limits for the spin-0 resonance are translated to exclusion contours in the context of Type-I and Type-II two-Higgs-doublet models, and the limits for the spin-2 resonance are used to constrain the Randall–Sundrum model with an extra dimension giving rise to spin-2 graviton excitations. 

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5. Search for a feebly interacting particle X in the decay K+ → π+X

   https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2021)058  

   Cortina Gil, E. ; Kleimenova, A. ; Minucci, E. ; Padolski, S. ; Petrov, P. ; Shaikhiev, A. ; Volpe, R. ; Numao, T. ; Velghe, B. ; Bryman, D. ; et al ( March 2021 , Journal of High Energy Physics)

   null (Ed.)

   A bstract A search for the K + → π + X decay, where X is a long-lived feebly interacting particle, is performed through an interpretation of the K + → $$ {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ π + ν ν ¯ analysis of data collected in 2017 by the NA62 experiment at CERN. Two ranges of X masses, 0–110 MeV /c 2 and 154–260 MeV /c 2 , and lifetimes above 100 ps are considered. The limits set on the branching ratio, BR( K + → π + X ), are competitive with previously reported searches in the first mass range, and improve on current limits in the second mass range by more than an order of magnitude. 

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