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Abstract Lepidopteran wing scales play important roles in a number of functions including color patterning and thermoregulation. Despite the importance of wing scales, however, we still have a limited understanding of the genetic mechanisms that underlie scale patterning, development, and coloration. Here, we explore the function of the phenoloxidase‐encoding genelaccase2in wing and scale development in the nymphalid butterflyVanessa cardui. Somatic deletion mosaics oflaccase2generated by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing presented several distinct mutant phenotypes. Consistent with the work in other nonlepidopteran insect groups, we observed reductions in melanin pigmentation and defects in cuticle formation. We were also surprised, however, to see distinct effects on scale development including complete loss of wing scales. This study highlightslaccase2as a gene that plays multiple roles in wing and scale development and provides new insight into the evolution of lepidopteran wing coloration.
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Biomimicry of Blu e Morpho butterfly wings: An introduction to nanotechnology through an interdisciplinary science education module
Abstract Biomimicry is the practice of imitating naturally occurring bio‐designs through engineering and invention. For instance,Blue Morphobutterfly wing colors are a result of the reflection and refraction of nanostructures embedded in the wing and have inspired practical applications in nanofabrication and photonics. Interdisciplinary science educational materials have been developed that demonstrate the cross‐disciplinary aspects and biomimetic properties used in designing nano‐based devices. The unique optical properties of theBlue Morphowing provides an excellent source of demonstrating how aspects of chemistry, biology, physics, and nanotechnology relate. Specifically, these educational tools demonstrate concepts including natural selection, chemical and physical properties, structure at the nanoscale, optical, and electromagnetic design. In addition, the engaging activities are correlated to how nanotechnology drives invention and provides students a mechanism to be introduced to the possibilities nanotechnology provides. A comprehensive combination of lab, cleanroom, and classroom activities are suggested to promote remote learning.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2000281
- PAR ID:
- 10448053
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Journal of the Society for Information Display
- Volume:
- 29
- Issue:
- 11
- ISSN:
- 1071-0922
- Format(s):
- Medium: X Size: p. 896-915
- Size(s):
- p. 896-915
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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