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Abstract Decades of research into the topic of oral nanoparticle (NP) delivery has still not provided a clear consensus regarding which properties produce an effective oral drug delivery system. The surface properties—charge and bioadhesiveness—as well as in vitro and in vivo correlation seem to generate the greatest number of disagreements within the field. Herein, a mechanism underlying the in vivo behavior of NPs is proposed, which bridges the gaps between these disagreements. The mechanism relies on the idea of biocoating—the coating of NPs with mucus—which alters their surface properties, and ultimately their systemic uptake. Utilizing this mechanism, several coated NPs are tested in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo, and biocoating is found to affect NPs size, zeta‐potential, mucosal diffusion coefficient, the extent of aggregation, and in vivo/in vitro/ex vivo correlation. Based on these results, low molecular weight polylactic acid exhibits a 21‐fold increase in mucosal diffusion coefficient after precoating as compared to uncoated particles, as well as 20% less aggregation, and about 30% uptake to the blood in vivo. These discoveries suggest that biocoating reduces negative NP charge which results in an enhanced mucosal diffusion rate, increased gastrointestinal retention time, and high systemic uptake.
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Implantable Cisplatin Synthesis Microdevice for Regional Chemotherapy
Abstract Cisplatin, the first platinum chemotherapy agent to obtain Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in 1978, is widely used for a number of cancers. However, the painful side effects stemming from systemic delivery are the inevitable limitation of cisplatin. A possible solution is regional chemotherapy using various drug delivery systems, which reduces the systemic toxicity and increases drug accumulation in the tumor. In this paper, a rice‐grain sized, ultrasonically powered, and implantable microdevice that can synthesize cisplatin in situ is presented. The microdevice produces 0.7 mg of cisplatin within 1 h under ultrasonic irradiation (400 mW cm−2). The effect of the microdevice‐synthesized cisplatin is evaluated using in vitro murine breast cancer cells and ex vivo liver tissue. The results suggest that cytotoxic activities of the microdevice‐mediated cisplatin delivery are significantly higher in both in vitro and ex vivo experiments. Overall, the proposed cisplatin synthesis microdevice represents a strong alternative treatment option for regional chemotherapy
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- PAR ID:
- 10452936
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Advanced Healthcare Materials
- Volume:
- 10
- Issue:
- 3
- ISSN:
- 2192-2640
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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