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We present a photoinduced reconfigurable metasurface to enable high spatial resolution terahertz (THz) wave modulation. Conventional photoinduced THz wave modulation uses optically induced conductive patterns on a semiconductor substrate to create programmable passive THz devices. The technique, albeit versatile and straightforward, suffers from limited performance resulting from the severe lateral diffusion of the photogenerated carriers that undermines the spatial resolution and conductivity contrast of the photoinduced conductive patterns. The proposed metasurface overcomes the limitation using a metal-jointed silicon mesa array with subwavelength-scaled dimensions on an insulator substrate. The structure physically restrains the lateral diffusion of the photogenerated carriers while ensuring the electrical conductivity between the silicon mesas , which is essential for THz wave modulation. The metasurface creates high-definition photoconductive patterns with dimensions smaller than the diffusion length of photogenerated carriers. The metasurface provides a modulation depth of −20 to −10 dB for the THz waves between 0.2 to 1.2 THz and supports a THz bandpass filter with a tunable central frequency. The new, to the best of our knowledge, design concept will benefit the implementation of reconfigurable THz devices.
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Design, Fabrication, and Modulation of THz Bandpass Metamaterials
Abstract Development of terahertz (THz) sources, detectors, and optical components has been an active area of research across the globe. The interest in THz optoelectronics is driven by the various applications they have enabled, such as ultrawide‐band communication systems, air‐ and space‐borne astronomy, atmospheric monitoring, small‐scale radar, airport security scanners, ultrafast nanodevices, and biomedical imaging and sensing. Here, the aim is to provide a comprehensive review of THz bandpass metamaterials focusing on several areas. First, the design fundamentals and geometrical patterns of THz bandpass metamaterials are summarized. Second, fabrication methods of THz bandpass metamaterials are reviewed, including typical micro‐ and nanofabrication techniques and laser micromachining techniques. More importantly, different engineering methods are reviewed for tuning and modulation of the THz transmission resonance for these metamaterials. Both passive and active modulation methods are included in this discussion; the passive method involves changes in the geometrical pattern of the filter material, and the active method performs in situ modulation of properties by applying an external physical field. Finally, the potential applications and prospects for future research of THz bandpass metamaterials are discussed.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1762353
- PAR ID:
- 10459216
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Laser & Photonics Reviews
- Volume:
- 13
- Issue:
- 11
- ISSN:
- 1863-8880
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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