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1. Jetstream2: Accelerating cloud computing via Jetstream

   https://doi.org/10.1145/3437359.3465565  

   Hancock, David Y.; Fischer, Jeremy; Lowe, John Michael; Snapp-Childs, Winona; Pierce, Marlon; Marru, Suresh; Coulter, J. Eric; Vaughn, Matthew; Beck, Brian; Merchant, Nirav; et al (July 2021, Proceedings of the 2021 Practice & Experience in Advanced Research Computing (PEARC) Conference)

   null (Ed.)

   Jetstream2 will be a category I production cloud resource that is part of the National Science Foundation’s Innovative HPC Program. The project’s aim is to accelerate science and engineering by providing “on-demand” programmable infrastructure built around a core system at Indiana University and four regional sites. Jetstream2 is an evolution of the Jetstream platform, which functions primarily as an Infrastructure-as-a-Service cloud. The lessons learned in cloud architecture, distributed storage, and container orchestration have inspired changes in both hardware and software for Jetstream2. These lessons have wide implications as institutions converge HPC and cloud technology while building on prior work when deploying their own cloud environments. Jetstream2’s next-generation hardware, robust open-source software, and enhanced virtualization will provide a significant platform to further cloud adoption within the US research and education communities. 

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2. Visiting Scientists Provide Capacity Development: Lessons Learned by POGO and SCOR

   https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2021.306  

   Urban, Ed; Seeyave, Sophie (September 2021, Oceanography)

   To enable the sustainable use of their ocean resources, capacity for ocean science and observations is important for every coastal nation. In many developing areas of the world, capability for ocean science and observations is not yet adequate to meet management needs. International organizations have employed a variety of capacity development approaches to assist developing countries in building self-sustaining ocean science and observational communities. This article describes the lessons learned from visiting scientist programs conducted for more than a decade by the Partnership for Observation of the Global Ocean (POGO) and the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) that dispatched ocean scientists to developing countries to train hundreds of individuals in a variety of ocean science and observation topics and techniques. From these programs, SCOR and POGO have learned that training in-country has multiple benefits to trainees, host institutions, and trainers, benefits that are not achievable when students leave their countries. These benefits include more cost-effective training on issues relevant to the host institutions using locally available technology, as well as the ability to reach a large number of trainees. Lessons learned from the POGO and SCOR programs can be used to inform the future capacity-development activities of POGO and SCOR, as well as other organizations, to improve, enhance, and expand the use of in-country training and mentoring. Such approaches could contribute to the capacity development efforts of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. 

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3. Building and Sharing Ocean Sciences Capacity Through Project-Based Learning

   https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2025.117  

   Nyadjro, Ebenezer; Oikonomou, Anthi; Saba, Abdulwakil; Mahu, Edem; Vagenas, Georgios; Ansong, Joseph; Martin, Paige; Agyekumhene, Andrews; Asamoah, Eunice; Kennedy_Quarcoo, Richmond; et al (January 2025, Oceanography)

   The challenges facing the ocean and its resources have become increasingly complex and transboundary, requiring coordinated efforts for effective management and sustainable use. However, this coordination is currently hindered by the uneven distribution of capacity and equipment, particularly in developing regions. This article discusses project-based learning (PBL) as a pathway to transferring and sharing capacity in global ocean sciences. It highlights a successful PBL program, as well as challenges encountered and lessons learned. Addressing these obstacles is crucial for ensuring equity in solving issues that impact the ocean. 

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4. FCBench: Cross-Domain Benchmarking of Lossless Compression for Floating-Point Data

   https://doi.org/10.14778/3648160.3648180  

   Chen, Xinyu; Tian, Jiannan; Beaver, Ian; Freeman, Cynthia; Yan, Yan; Wang, Jianguo; Tao, Dingwen (February 2024, Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment)

   While both the database and high-performance computing (HPC) communities utilize lossless compression methods to minimize floating-point data size, a disconnect persists between them. Each community designs and assesses methods in a domain-specific manner, making it unclear if HPC compression techniques can benefit database applications or vice versa. With the HPC community increasingly leaning towards in-situ analysis and visualization, more floating-point data from scientific simulations are being stored in databases like Key-Value Stores and queried using in-memory retrieval paradigms. This trend underscores the urgent need for a collective study of these compression methods' strengths and limitations, not only based on their performance in compressing data from various domains but also on their runtime characteristics. Our study extensively evaluates the performance of eight CPU-based and five GPU-based compression methods developed by both communities, using 33 real-world datasets assembled in the Floating-point Compressor Benchmark (FCBench). Additionally, we utilize the roofline model to profile their runtime bottlenecks. Our goal is to offer insights into these compression methods that could assist researchers in selecting existing methods or developing new ones for integrated database and HPC applications. 

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5. Wastewater Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 on College Campuses: Initial Efforts, Lessons Learned, and Research Needs

   https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094455  

   Harris-Lovett, Sasha; Nelson, Kara L.; Beamer, Paloma; Bischel, Heather N.; Bivins, Aaron; Bruder, Andrea; Butler, Caitlyn; Camenisch, Todd D.; De Long, Susan K.; Karthikeyan, Smruthi; et al (May 2021, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health)

   Wastewater surveillance for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging approach to help identify the risk of a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. This tool can contribute to public health surveillance at both community (wastewater treatment system) and institutional (e.g., colleges, prisons, and nursing homes) scales. This paper explores the successes, challenges, and lessons learned from initial wastewater surveillance efforts at colleges and university systems to inform future research, development and implementation. We present the experiences of 25 college and university systems in the United States that monitored campus wastewater for SARS-CoV-2 during the fall 2020 academic period. We describe the broad range of approaches, findings, resources, and impacts from these initial efforts. These institutions range in size, social and political geographies, and include both public and private institutions. Our analysis suggests that wastewater monitoring at colleges requires consideration of local information needs, sewage infrastructure, resources for sampling and analysis, college and community dynamics, approaches to interpretation and communication of results, and follow-up actions. Most colleges reported that a learning process of experimentation, evaluation, and adaptation was key to progress. This process requires ongoing collaboration among diverse stakeholders including decision-makers, researchers, faculty, facilities staff, students, and community members. 

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