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Spin-photon interfaces based on solid-state atomic defects have enabled a variety of key applications in quantum information processing. To maximize the light-matter coupling strength, defects are often placed inside nanoscale devices. Efficiently coupling light and microwave radiation into these structures is an experimental challenge, especially in cryogenic or high vacuum environments with limited sample access. In this work, we demonstrate a fiber-based scanning probe that simultaneously couples light into a planar photonic circuit and delivers high power microwaves for driving electron spin transitions. The optical portion achieves 46% one-way coupling efficiency, while the microwave portion supplies an AC magnetic field with strength up to 9 Gauss at 10 Watts of input microwave power. The entire probe can be scanned across a large number of devices inside a3He cryostat without free-space optical access. We demonstrate this technique with silicon nanophotonic circuits coupled to single Er3+ions.
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Low-loss adiabatic fiber-optic coupler for cryogenic photonics
Recent developments in quantum light–matter coupled systems and quantum transducers have highlighted the need for cryogenic optical measurements. In this study, we present a packaged fiber-optic coupler with a coupling efficiency of over 50% for telecom wavelength light down to the mK temperature range. Besides the high coupling efficiency, our method enables sensitive photonic device measurements that are immune to mechanical vibrations present in cryogenic setups.
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- PAR ID:
- 10475128
- Publisher / Repository:
- Optical Society of America
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Applied Optics
- Volume:
- 62
- Issue:
- 34
- ISSN:
- 1559-128X; APOPAI
- Format(s):
- Medium: X Size: Article No. 9036
- Size(s):
- Article No. 9036
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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