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Summary Nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentrations might reflect the strategies described in the leaf economic spectrum (LES) due to their dependence on photosynthesis and respiration.We examined if NSC concentrations correlate with leaf structure, chemistry, and physiology traits for 114 species from 19 sites and 5 biomes around the globe.Total leaf NSC concentrations varied greatly from 16 to 199 mg g−1dry mass and were mostly independent of leaf gas exchange and the LES traits. By contrast, leaf NSC residence time was shorter in species with higher rates of photosynthesis, following the fast‐slow strategies in the LES. An average leaf held an amount of NSCs that could sustain one night of leaf respiration and could be replenished in just a few hours of photosynthesis under saturating light, indicating that most daily carbon gain is exported.Our results suggest that NSC export is clearly linked to the economics of return on resource investment.
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Nonstructural carbohydrate dynamics' relationship to leaf development under varying environments
Summary Leaf‐out in temperate forests is a critical transition point each spring and advancing with global change. The mechanism linking phenological variation to external cues is poorly understood. Nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) availability may be key.Here, we use branch cuttings from northern red oak (Quercus rubra) and measure NSCs throughout bud development in branch tissue. Given genes and environment influence phenology, we placed branches in an arrayed factorial experiment (three temperatures × two photoperiods, eight genotypes) to examine their impact on variation in leaf‐out timing and corresponding NSCs.Despite significant differences in leaf‐out timing between treatments, NSC patterns were much more consistent, with all treatments and genotypes displaying similar NSC concentrations across phenophases. Notably, the moderate and hot temperature treatments reached the same NSC concentrations and phenophases at the same growing degree days (GDD), but 20 calendar days apart, while the cold treatment achieved only half the GDD of the other two.Our results suggest that NSCs are coordinated with leaf‐out and could act as a molecular clock, signaling to cells the passage of time and triggering leaf development to begin. This link between NSCs and budburst is critical for improving predictions of phenological timing.
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- PAR ID:
- 10478311
- Editor(s):
- NA
- Publisher / Repository:
- The New Phytologist Foundation
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- New Phytologist
- Edition / Version:
- NA
- Volume:
- 241
- Issue:
- NA
- ISSN:
- 0028-646X
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 102-113
- Subject(s) / Keyword(s):
- climate change growth chamber heritability nonstructural carbohydrates phenology starches sugars
- Format(s):
- Medium: X Size: NA Other: NA
- Size(s):
- NA
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19333
