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   Almutairi, Dhaifallah ; Johnson, Karl ; Smolyaninov, Alexei ; Grieco, Andrew ; Fainman, Yeshaiahu ( September 2023 , Optics Express)

   This study proposes a novel technique for a 2D beam steering system using hybrid plasmonic phase shifters with a cylindrical configuration in a 2D periodic array suitable for LIDAR applications. A nanoscale VCSEP design facilitates a sub-wavelength spacing between individual phase shifters, yielding an expanded field of view and side lobes suppression. The proposed design includes a highly doped sub-micron silicon pillar covered by a thin layer of nonlinear material and an additional conductive metal layer. Characterization of a single VCSEP demonstrated a Free Spectral Range (FSR) of 53.28 ± 2.5 nm and a transmission variation of 3 dB, with V_πL equal to 0.075 V-mm.

    

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2. Mid-infrared rainbow light-emitting diodes

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   Muhowski, Aaron J. ; Kamboj, Abhilasha ; Mansfield, Noah C. ; Wasserman, Daniel ( December 2022 , Applied Physics Letters)

   We demonstrate a room-temperature all-epitaxial guided-mode resonance light-emitting diode operating in the mid-wave infrared. The device comprises a dielectric waveguide with an AlGaAsSb p−i−n diode core, below a layer of grating-patterned GaSb and above a highly doped, and thus, low index, InAsSb layer. Light emitted from the device active region into propagating modes in the waveguide scatters into free space via the GaSb grating, giving rise to spectrally narrow features that shift with emission angle across much of the mid-wave infrared. For collection angles approaching 0°, we are able to obtain linewidths of ∼2.4 meV across the spectral/angular emission of the LED, corresponding to λ/Δλ∼570. Fine control of emission wavelength can be achieved by tuning the applied current, which causes a redshift of approximately 20 nm due to the thermo-optic effect. The presented device has the potential for use in compact, high bandwidth, and low-cost mid-wave infrared sensing applications requiring spectral discrimination.

    

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3. Electrostatic Field Effect Light-Emitting Diode

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4. Roadmap on perovskite light-emitting diodes

   https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7647/ad46a6  

   Chen, Ziming ; Hoye, Robert_L_Z ; Yip, Hin-Lap ; Fiuza-Maneiro, Nadesh ; López-Fernández, Iago ; Otero-Martínez, Clara ; Polavarapu, Lakshminarayana ; Mondal, Navendu ; Mirabelli, Alessandro ; Anaya, Miguel ; et al ( July 2024 , Journal of Physics: Photonics)

   In recent years, the field of metal-halide perovskite emitters has rapidly emerged as a new community in solid-state lighting. Their exceptional optoelectronic properties have contributed to the rapid rise in external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) from <1% (in 2014) to over 30% (in 2023) across a wide range of wavelengths. However, several challenges still hinder their commercialization, including the relatively low EQEs of blue/white devices, limited EQEs in large-area devices, poor device stability, as well as the toxicity of the easily accessible lead components and the solvents used in the synthesis and processing of PeLEDs. This roadmap addresses the current and future challenges in PeLEDs across fundamental and applied research areas, by sharing the community’s perspectives. This work will provide the field with practical guidelines to advance PeLED development and facilitate more rapid commercialization.

    

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5. Ultraviolet Electrostatic Field Effect Light-Emitting Diode

   https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2020.3020384  

   Hartensveld, Matthew ; Melanson, Bryan ; Zhang, Jing ( October 2020 , IEEE Photonics Journal)

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