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1. Near-ultraviolet Raman and micro-Raman analysis of electronic materials

   https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5054660  

   Nazari, Mohammad; Holtz, Mark W. (December 2018, Applied Physics Reviews)
2. Raman Match: Application for automated identification of minerals from Raman spectroscopy data

   https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2023-9227  

   Berrada, Meryem; McFall, Alan; Chen, Bin (January 2025, American Mineralogist)

   Kung, Jennifer (Ed.)

   Abstract Raman spectroscopy is a rapid, nondestructive analysis technique used in various scientific disciplines, including mineralogy, chemistry, materials science, and biology. The analysis of Raman spectra and the identification of specific substances in unknown samples can be complex and time-consuming due to the large database of Raman spectra. The Raman Match application was developed to simplify and automate the sample identification process through a search and match method. The application integrates the well-established RRUFF Raman database with the Python programming language. It provides a user-friendly graphical interface to load Raman spectra, identify and fit peaks, match peaks to the reference libraries, visualize the results, and generate publication-ready figures. The application offers a swift and automated method for mineral identification using Raman spectroscopy in laboratory and field settings and during planetary exploration missions to extraterrestrial environments with constraints on time and resources. 

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3. Hyperspectral Raman Imaging Using a Spatial Heterodyne Raman Spectrometer with a Microlens Array

   https://doi.org/10.1177/0003702820906222  

   Allen, Ashley; Waldron, Abigail; Ottaway, Joshua M.; Chance Carter, J.; Michael Angel, S. (August 2020, Applied Spectroscopy)

   null (Ed.)

   A new hyperspectral Raman imaging technique is described using a spatial heterodyne Raman spectrometer (SHRS) and a microlens array (MLA). The new technique enables the simultaneous acquisition of Raman spectra over a wide spectral range at spatially isolated locations within two spatial dimensions ( x, y) using a single exposure on a charge-coupled device (CCD) or other detector types such as a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detector. In the SHRS system described here, a 4 × 4 mm MLA with 1600, 100 µm diameter lenslets is used to image the sample, with each lenslet illuminating a different region of the SHRS diffraction gratings and forming independent fringe images on the CCD. The fringe images from each lenslet contain the fully encoded Raman spectrum of the region of the sample “seen” by the lenslet. Since the SHRS requires no moving parts, all fringe images can be measured simultaneously with a single detector exposure, and in principle using a single laser shot, in the case of a pulsed laser. In this proof of concept paper, hyperspectral Raman spectra of a wide variety of heterogeneous samples are used to characterize the technique in terms of spatial and spectral resolution tradeoffs. It is shown that the spatial resolution is a function of the diameter of the MLA lenslets, while the number of spatial elements that can be resolved is equal to the number of MLA lenslets that can be imaged onto the SHRS detector. The spectral resolution depends on the spatial resolution desired, and the number of grooves illuminated on both diffraction gratings by each lenslet, or combination of lenslets in cases where they are grouped. 

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4. Quantifying the enhancement mechanisms of surface-enhanced Raman scattering using a Raman bond model

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   Chen, Ran; Jensen, Lasse (December 2020, The Journal of Chemical Physics)

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5. Raman imaging of membrane fouling

   https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116763  

   Azizighannad, S.; Intrchomb, W.; Mitra, S. (February 2020, Separation and purification technology)

   Membrane processes are widely used in industrial applications such water purification, food processing and pharmaceutical manufacturing. During their operation, the accumulation of foulants in membrane pores and on membrane surfaces lead to the reduction in flux, membrane lifetime and increase in operational cost, and the understanding of the fouling phenomenon is important for mitigating these problems. In this paper we report the application of Raman chemical imaging as a means of identify and map foulants on a membrane surface. The surface of a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane was studied by Raman chemical imaging before and after fouling during desalination via membrane distillation. Information about location and concentration of three different salts namely CaSO4, BaSO4 and CaCO3 was studied. The three salts showed different distribution patterns, and their distribution was analyzed by correlation mapping and multivariate curve resolution. It was observed that CaSO4 agglomerated in specific places while the BaSO4 and CaCO3 were more distributed. Raman imaging appears to be a powerful tool for studying membrane foulants and can be effective in identifying the distribution of different species on a membrane surface. 

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