skip to main content
US FlagAn official website of the United States government
dot gov icon
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
https lock icon
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( lock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Attention:

The DOI auto-population feature in the Public Access Repository (PAR) will be unavailable from 4:00 PM ET on Tuesday, July 8 until 4:00 PM ET on Wednesday, July 9 due to scheduled maintenance. We apologize for the inconvenience caused.

Explore Research Products in the PAR
It may take a few hours for recently added research products to appear in PAR search results.


  • NSF Public Access
  • Search Results
  • Dental anatomy, phylogenetic relationships and paleoecology of Orhaniyeia nauta (Metatheria, Anatoliadelphyidae), a Gondwanan component of the insular Eocene mammal fauna of Balkanatolia (north-central Turkey)
Title: Dental anatomy, phylogenetic relationships and paleoecology of Orhaniyeia nauta (Metatheria, Anatoliadelphyidae), a Gondwanan component of the insular Eocene mammal fauna of Balkanatolia (north-central Turkey)
Two new specimens of the anatoliadelphyid metatherian Orhaniyeia nauta are described from the middle Eocene Uzunçarşıdere Formation in the Orhaniye Basin, north-central Turkey. These specimens augment our knowledge of the dentition of this taxon, revealing that P3 and p3 of Orhaniyeia resemble those of its sister taxon Anatoliadelphys in being enlarged and highly inflated, suggesting that both taxa consumed a durophagous diet. The ancestral dental morphology of anatoliadelphyids likely approximated that of Orhaniyeia nauta, whereas the dentition of Anatoliadelphys is autapomorphous. A phylogenetic analysis incorporating the new data for Orhaniyeia reconstructs anatoliadelphyids as nested among a diverse, but generally poorly documented, assemblage of early Paleogene bunodont Gondwanan marsupials that are typically allied with polydolopimorphians. Alternative phylogenetic reconstructions based on Anatoliadelphys alone have suggested either peradectid or protodidelphid affinities for anatoliadelphyids, but these hypotheses are not supported by the new data from Orhaniyeia. Anatoliadelphyids likely colonized Balkanatolia from the south (Africa/Arabia), even though there is no current fossil record indicating that this Gondwanan bunodont marsupial clade ever inhabited Africa/Arabia. The durophagous diet of Orhaniyeia was probably eclectic, but with an emphasis on gastropods. A similar dietary reconstruction has been proposed for the Australian Miocene marsupial Malleodectes, the dentition of which is remarkably convergent with that of Orhaniyeia. Orhaniyeia and Anatoliadelphys appear to have exploited distinct ecological niches, because the autapomorphous dentition of Anatoliadelphys includes multiple specializations for enhanced carnivory. The colonization of Balkanatolia by anatoliadelphyids instigated a small endemic radiation, a pattern that was replicated by multiple other Balkanatolian mammal clades.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
2141115
PAR ID:
10499582
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ;
Publisher / Repository:
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Journal of Mammalian Evolution
Volume:
30
Issue:
4
ISSN:
1064-7554
Page Range / eLocation ID:
859 to 872
Subject(s) / Keyword(s):
durophagy endemic radiation island biogeography Lutetian Marsupialia Polydolopimorphia
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
More Like this
  1. ; ; ; (, Invertebrate Systematics)
    Sharma, Prashant (Ed.)
    Pettalidae is a family of mite harvestmen that inhabits the former circum-Antarctic Gondwanan terranes, including southern South America, South Africa, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Australia and New Zealand. Australia is home to two pettalid genera, Austropurcellia, in northern New South Wales and Queensland, and Karripurcellia, in Western Australia, until now showing a large distributional gap between these two parts of the Australian continent. Here we report specimens of a new pettalid from South Australia, Archaeopurcellia eureka, gen. et sp. nov., closing this distributional gap of Australian pettalids. Phylogenetic analyses using traditional Sanger markers as well as ultra-conserved elements (UCEs) reveal that the new genus is related to the Chilean Chileogovea, instead of any of the other East Gondwanan genera. This relationship of an Australian species to a South American clade can be explained by the Antarctic land bridge between these two terranes, a connection that was maintained with Australia until 45 Ma. The UCE dataset also shows the promise of using museum specimens to resolve relationships within Pettalidae and Cyphophthalmi. ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9B57A054-30D8-4412-99A2-6191CBD3BD7E 
    more » « less
  2. ; ; (, ZooKeys)
    Flexorincus , new genus and species, is described from 15 specimens (14.0–27.2 mm SL) collected from shallow (0–9 meters) intertidal and sub-tidal waters of the Rangitāhua Kermadec Islands, New Zealand. The new taxon is distinguished from all other members of the Gobiesocidae by a combination of characters, including a heterodont dentition comprising both conical and distinct incisiviform teeth that are laterally compressed with a strongly recurved cusp, an oval-shaped opening between premaxillae, a double adhesive disc with a well-developed articulation between basipterygia and ventral postcleithra, and many reductions in the cephalic lateral line canal system. The new taxon is tentatively placed within the subfamily Diplocrepinae but shares a number of characteristics of the oral jaws and the adhesive disc skeleton with certain members of the Aspasminae and Diademichthyinae. 
    more » « less
  3. ; ; ; ; (, Swiss Journal of Palaeontology)
    Abstract Hutchemys rememdiumis a poorly understood softshell turtle (Trionychidae) from the mid Paleocene of the Williston Basin of North America previously known only from postcranial remains. A particularly rich collection of previously undescribed material from the Tiffanian 4 North American Land Mammal Age (NALMA) of North Dakota is here presented consisting of numerous shells that document new variation, some non-shell postcrania, and cranial remains, which are described based on 3D models extracted from micro-CT data. Although the observed shell variation weakens previously noted differences with the younger speciesHutchemys arctochelysfrom the Clarkforkian NALMA, the two taxa are still recognized as distinct. Parsimony and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses reaffirm the previously challenged placement ofHutchemys rememdiumwithin the cladePlastomenidae, mostly based on novel observations of cranial characters made possible by the new material and the micro-CT data. The new topology supports the notion that the well-ossified plastron of plastomenids originated twice in parallel near the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary, once in theHutchemyslineage and once in theGilmoremys/Plastomenuslineage.Hutchemys rememdiumis notable for being the only documented species of trionychid in the mid Paleocene of the Williston Basin. The presence of multiple individuals in a carbonaceous claystone indicates this taxon lived in swamps and lakes and its expanded triturating surface suggests it had a durophagous diet. 
    more » « less
  4. ; ; ; ; (, Systematic Entomology)
    Abstract The Platypleurini is a large group of charismatic cicadas distributed from Cape Agulhas in South Africa, through tropical Africa, Madagascar, India and eastern Asia to Japan, with generic diversity concentrated in equatorial and southern Africa. This distribution suggests the possibility of a Gondwanan origin and dispersal to eastern Asia from Africa or India. We used a four‐gene (three mitochondrial) molecular dataset, fossil calibrations and molecular clock information to explore the phylogenetic relationships of the platypleurine cicadas and the timing and geography of their diversification. The earliest splits in the tribe were found to separate forest genera in Madagascar and equatorial Africa from the main radiation, and all of the Asian/Indian species sampled formed a younger clade nested well within the African taxa. The tribe appears to have diversified during the Cenozoic, beginningc. 50–32 Ma, with most extant African lineages originating in the Miocene or later, well after the breakup of the Gondwanan landmass. Biogeographical analysis suggests an African origin for the tribe and a single dispersal event founding the Asian platypleurines, although additional taxon sampling and genetic data will be needed to confirm this pattern because key nodes in the tree are still weakly supported. Two Platypleurini genera from Madagascar (PycnaAmyot & Audinet‐Serville,YangaDistant) are found to have originated by late Miocene dispersal of a single lineage from Africa. The genusPlatypleurais recovered as polyphyletic, withPlatypleura signiferaWalker from South Africa and many Asian/Indian species apparently requiring assignment to different genera, and a newPlatypleuraconcept is proposed with the synonymization ofAzanicadaVilletsyn.n.The generaOrapaDistant andHamzaDistant, currently listed within separate tribes but suspected of platypleurine affinity, are nested deeply within the Platypleurini radiation. The tribe Orapinisyn.n. is here synonymized while the tribe Hamzini is pending a decision of the ICZN to preserve nomenclatorial stability. 
    more » « less
  5. ; ; (, Journal of Biogeography)
    Abstract AimWe explore the biogeographic history of the Gondwanan lineage Triaenonychidae, a dispersal‐limited arachnid taxon that underwent a recent taxonomic revision based on phylogenomic data. We explicitly test hypotheses related to a biogeographical pattern of ‘common vicariance, rare dispersal’, predicted for dispersal‐limited taxa. LocationContinental landmasses of former temperate Gondwanan terranes (southern South America, southern Africa, Madagascar, Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia). TaxonTriaenonychidae, Opiliones, Arachnida. MethodsUtilizing a recently published phylogenomic data set based on ultra‐conserved elements, we conduct Bayesian divergence dating analyses, ancestral area estimation in a likelihood model testing framework, and analyses of macroevolutionary dynamics. Results are correlated with geological history and palaeoclimate reconstructions to infer biogeographic history and distribution. ResultsWe find that divergence dates of ancestral Triaenonychidae pre‐date continental breakup of Gondwana and could be attributed to palaeoclimatic differentiation across Gondwana. There is evidence for two separate expansion routes that span eastern and western Gondwana corresponding to northern warmer climate and southern cooler climate lineages. Many divergences across intercontinental lineages coincide with the timing of continental fragmentation, supporting vicariance as a dominant force. However, some lineages are supported as obvious examples of rare long‐distance dispersal. Biogeographic results support the predicted pattern of common vicariance and rare dispersal for these dispersal‐limited organisms. Main conclusionsVicariance due to continental fragmentation was important in the early diversification of Triaenonychidae. Their unique combination and degrees of dispersal ability and microhabitat preference resulted in complex phylogenetic patterns of geographic distribution not typically seen in other animal taxa. Examining biogeographic patterns across recent studies of arachnid taxa with varying dispersal ability, it is clear that biological characteristics play an important role in the relative importance of dispersal and vicariance (dispersal–vicariance continuum) for any given taxon and can be useful in forming testable a priori hypotheses. 
    more » « less
  • Citation Formats
  • MLA
  • APA
  • Chicago
  • BibTeX
  • Save / Share this Record
  • Send to Email