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  • Rapid formation of gold core–satellite nanostructures using Turkevich-synthesized satellites and dithiol linkers: the do's and don'ts for successful assembly
Title: Rapid formation of gold core–satellite nanostructures using Turkevich-synthesized satellites and dithiol linkers: the do's and don'ts for successful assembly

Gold cores functionalized with dithiol linkers are densely populated with Turkevich-synthesized satellite nanoparticles in under thirty minutes at 100% yield using procedures that promote rapid assembly while avoiding potential pitfalls.

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Award ID(s):
2207664
PAR ID:
10512968
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ;
Publisher / Repository:
Royal Society of Chemistry
Date Published:
Journal Name:
Nanoscale Advances
ISSN:
2516-0230
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
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    The experiences of students and professionals with disabilities are routinely excluded from scholarly and policy debates about equity in engineering. Emergent research suggests that engineering is particularly ableist, yet systematic accounts of the possible exclusion and devaluation faced by engineers with disabilities are largely missing.

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    This paper asks, do engineers with disabilities have more negative interpersonal experiences in engineering classrooms and workplaces than those without disabilities? Utilizing a social relational model of disability, I hypothesize that engineers with physical disabilities and chronic and mental illness are more likely to experience exclusion and professional devaluation than their peers and, partly as a result, have lower persistence intentions.

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    The paper uses survey data from 1729 students enrolled in eight US engineering programs (American Society for Engineering Education Diversity and Inclusion Survey) and 8321 US‐employed engineers (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math Inclusion Study Survey). Analyses use regression, mediation, and intersectional approaches.

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    Consistent with expectations, engineering students and professionals with disabilities are less likely than their peers to experiencesocial inclusionandprofessional respectat school and work. Students with disabilities are more likely tointend to leave their engineering programsand professionals with disabilities are more likely to havethought about leaving their engineering jobscompared to peers, and their greater risks of encountering interpersonal bias help account for these differences. Analyses also reveal intersectional variation by gender and race/ethnicity.

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    These results suggest that engineering harbors widespread ableism across education and work. The findings demand more scholarly attention to the social, cultural, and physical barriers that block people with disabilities from full and equal participation in engineering.

     
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    Linear polyphosphonates with the generic formula –[P(Ph)(X)OR′O]n– (X = S or Se) have been synthesized by polycondensations of P(Ph)(NEt2)2and a diol (HOR′OH = 1,4‐cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4‐benzenedimethanol, tetraethylene glycol, or 1,12‐dodecanediol) followed by reaction with a chalcogen. Random copolymers have been synthesized by polycondensations of P(Ph)(NEt2)2and mixture of two of the diols in a 2:1:1 mol ratio followed by reaction with a chalcogen. Block copolymers with the generic formula –[P(Ph)(X)OR′O](x + 2)–[P(Ph)(X)OR′O](x + 3)– (X = S or Se) have been synthesized by the polycondensations of Et2N[P(Ph)(X)OR′O](x + 2)P(Ph)NEt2oligomers with HOR′O[P(Ph)(X)OR′O](x + 3)H oligomers followed by reaction with a chalcogen. The Et2N[P(Ph)(X)OR′O](x + 2)P(Ph)NEt2oligomers are prepared by the reaction of an excess of P(Ph)(NEt2)2with a diol while the HOR′O[P(Ph)(X)OR′O](x + 3)H oligomers are prepared by the reaction of P(Ph)(NEt2)2with an excess of the diol. In each case the excess, x is the same and determines the average block sizes. All of the polymers were characterized using1H,13C{1H}, and31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy, TGA, DSC, and SEC.31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy demonstrates that the random and block copolymers have the expected arrangements of monomers and, in the case of block copolymers, verifies the block sizes. All polymers are thermally stable up to ~300°C, and the arrangements of monomers in the copolymers (block vs. random) affect their degradation temperatures andTgprofiles. The polymers have weight average MWs of up to 3.8 × 104 Da.

     
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