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Abstract East Asian inks are a major component of calligraphy, paintings, and prints in China, Japan, and Korea and are historically made from either pine soot or oil‐lamp soot mixed with a proteinaceous binder. Although the inks from the two different soot sources have different properties in East Asian works of art, no non‐destructive methods to differentiate them scientifically currently exist. Raman spectroscopy (RS) of carbonaceous materials is commonly used to extract information about their properties and has been applied here to East Asian inks. Soots used in making modern inks were collected from 10 sources in China and Japan and analyzed using RS. RS using 405‐, 633‐, and 785‐nm excitation has been able to differentiate pine soot from oil‐lamp soot, also called lampblack. In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) of only 785‐nm Raman spectra has been able to discriminate between two different soots used in a 19th‐century Japanese woodblock printing ofKaishien Gaden. In addition to allowing discrimination between inks on East Asian works of art, these results may be of use to other fields using carbonaceous materials.
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Minimally invasive sequential analyses of questioned paintings: Six experiments in art authentication
Abstract: Non-destructive and micro-destructive analyses play an important role in determining the authenticity of art works. These include determination of the composition and date of manufacture. Similar analyses are used for a range of forensic problems. However, the importance of “do no harm” to the object places a significant additional constraint beyond simply preserving evidence for future analyses. The rise in art theft and fraud cases recently and the need for rapid, non-destructive analyses to meet statute of limitations restrictions underscores the need for greater awareness and training in the analysis of works of art that may be forgeries or worth millions of dollars. A sequence of laboratories that address art authentication questions are shown in an order that minimizes sample usage and emphasizes the thought processes used in crime scene reconstruction. We outline six undergraduate laboratory exercises using a case study that includes novel wood and paint dating methods. We compare some simple methods to state-of-the-art instrumental analyses typically used in legal cases, using these to cross-validate the conclusions.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2117144
- PAR ID:
- 10547409
- Publisher / Repository:
- Council of Forensic Science Educators
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- The journal of forensic science education
- ISSN:
- 2641-8533
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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