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1. Bismuthenium Cations for the Transport of Chloride Anions via Pnictogen Bonding

   https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202414699  

   Hunter, Nathanael_H; Gabbaï, François_P (October 2024, Angewandte Chemie International Edition)

   Abstract Our interest in the design of heavy pnictogen‐based Lewis acids for anion trafficking across biological membrane mimics has led us to investigate trivalent bismuthenium cations as chloride anion transporters. Here, we describe two chlorodiarylbismuthines, elaborated on aperi‐substituted naphthalene backbone and stabilized by an adjacent thio‐ or seleno‐ether functionality that engages the bismuth center in a Ch→Bi interaction (Ch=chalcogen). These new derivatives are stable in aqueous environment and readiliy transport chloride anions across the membrane of phospholipid‐based vesicles loaded with KCl. In addition to establishing the use of such motifs in anion transport, this investigation shows that the Lewis acidity, lipophilicity, and thus chloride transport properties depend on the nature of the chalcogen. 

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2. 1-Methyl-5-nitroimidazolium chloride

   https://doi.org/10.1107/S2414314622008781  

   Bellia, Sophia; Anderson, Grace; Zeller, Matthias; Mirjafari, Arsalan; Hillesheim, Patrick C. (September 2022, IUCrData)

   The title salt, C 4 H 6 N 3 O 2 + ·Cl − , exhibits multiple hydrogen-bonding interactions involving the nitroimidazolium cation and the chloride anion. Strong hydrogen bonds between the amine hydrogen atom and the chloride anion link the ionic moieties. Of note, with respect to H...Cl interactions, the central aromatic hydrogen atom displays a shorter interaction than the other aromatic hydrogen atom. Finally, interactions are observed between the nitro moiety and methyl H atoms. While no π–π stacking is observed, anion-π interactions are present. The crystal was refined as a two-component twin. 

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3. Nickel catalyzed hydrodechlorination and CO functionalization of polyvinyl chloride

   https://doi.org/10.1039/D5GC01890K  

   Das, Ayon; Fieser, Megan E (July 2025, Green Chemistry)

   Earth-abundant Ni-catalyzed poly(vinyl chloride) hydrodechlorination leads to a polyethylene like product with in-chain incorporation of carbonyl groups using sodium formate as a source of both H and CO, yielding NaCl as a benign co-product. 

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4. Regional high-frequency monitoring revealed chloride concentrations in exceedance of ecological benchmarks in urban streams across the Delaware River Basin, USA

   https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14485-6  

   Fanelli, Rosemary M; Morency, Michelle; Fleming, Brandon J; Moore, Joel; Hardesty, Deanna; Shoda, Megan (September 2025, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment)

   Abstract Rising chloride concentrations pose critical risks to freshwater stream ecosystems in temperate regions like the Delaware River Basin (DRB), USA, where winter deicer applications (i.e., road salt) are common. Increasing chloride concentrations have been documented in the region, but the extent to which chloride exceeds regulatory benchmarks remains unclear because detection of exceedances requires continuous monitoring of chloride (i.e., hourly or daily). A network of 82 non-tidal continuous specific conductance (SC) monitoring sites, spanning varied land use and geological settings, was established across the DRB to address this research need. First, a cluster analysis was conducted to group sites based on their watershed characteristics. Next, regression models for sites and clusters were developed to predict chloride using SC as a proxy. Finally, daily mean and hourly mean chloride concentration predictions were made for a three-year period (2020–2022) at the 82 study sites and analyzed to determine where and when chloride exceeded federal regulatory benchmarks. Chloride exceedance events occurred at 35% of the sites, all of which had 5% impervious cover or greater. Seasonally elevated chloride also was predicted at sites with less than 5% impervious cover. Variability in chloride patterns likely was influenced by deicer material types, winter weather patterns, geological settings, and gaps in data coverage. This study demonstrated the value of SC as a proxy for predicting chloride concentrations and showed how SC-chloride regression relationships vary across settings. More broadly, this study highlighted the value of continuous water quality monitoring to assess effects of freshwater salinization at a regional scale. 

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5. Ferric Chloride Promoted Glycosidation of Alkyl Thioglycosides

   https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29204845  

   Ridgway, Lacie M; Das, Anupama; Shadrick, Melanie L; Demchenko, Alexei V (October 2024, Molecules)

   Reported herein is a new reaction for glycosylation with thioglycosides in the presence of iron(III) chloride. Previously, FeCl3 was used for the activation of thioglycosides as a Lewis acid co-promoter paired with NIS. In the reported process, although 5.0 equiv of FeCl3 are needed to activate thioglycosides most efficiently, no additives were used, and the reactions with reactive glycosyl donors smoothly proceeded to completion in 1 h at 0 °C. This work showcases a new direction in developing glycosylation methods using greener and earth-abundant activators. 

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