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Abstract As plant communities respond to global change, there is an urgent need to understand the role of biotic interactions in shaping plant communities' dynamics. Plants simultaneously interact with antagonists and mutualists, and understanding plant community responses to global change requires embracing the complexity of biotic interactions.This cross‐journal Special Feature compiled nine research articles and two mini‐reviews, each investigating multitrophic interactions, such as plant–insect–mycorrhizae, leaf–mycobiome or seed–mycobiome.We organized these papers around five main themes which highlight the complexity of biotic interactions, their context dependency, the impacts of global change on multitrophic interactions, the use of plant–soil feedback experiments and the consequences of multitrophic interactions for plant communities.Synthesis. The articles in this cross‐journal Special Feature highlighted important research directions that would help understand the role of beneficial fungi in moderating plant–enemy interactions and plant community structure. In particular, we recommend the need for more experimental studies manipulating multitrophic interactions and geographically replicated experiments to understand the context dependency and the impacts of climate on these complex interactions.
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A physics-aware neural network for protein–ligand interactions with quantum chemical accuracy
Quantifying intermolecular interactions with quantum chemistry (QC) is useful for many chemical problems, including understanding the nature of protein–ligand interactions.
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- Award ID(s):
- 1955940
- PAR ID:
- 10566324
- Publisher / Repository:
- Royal Society of Chemistry
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Chemical Science
- Volume:
- 15
- Issue:
- 33
- ISSN:
- 2041-6520
- Page Range / eLocation ID:
- 13313 to 13324
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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Abstract Broad‐scale assessments of plant–frugivore interactions indicate the existence of a latitudinal gradient in interaction specialization. The specificity (i.e. the similarity of the interacting partners) of plant–frugivore interactions could also change latitudinally given that differences in resource availability could favour species to become more or less specific in their interactions across latitudes.Species occurring in the tropics could be more taxonomically, phylogenetically and functionally specific in their interactions because of a wide range of resources that are constantly available in these regions that would allow these species to become more specialized in their resource usage.We used a data set on plant–avian frugivore interactions spanning a wide latitudinal range to examine these predictions, and we evaluated the relationship between latitude and taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional specificity of plant and frugivore interactions. These relationships were assessed using data on population interactions (population level), species means (species level) and community means (community level).We found that the specificity of plant–frugivore interactions is generally not different from null models. Although statistically significant relationships were often observed between latitude and the specificity of plant–frugivore interactions, the direction of these relationships was variable and they also were generally weak and had low explanatory power. These results were consistent across the three specificity measures and levels of organization, suggesting that there might be an interplay between different mechanisms driving the interactions between plants and frugivores across latitudes.more » « less
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null (Ed.)Abstract Understanding how photoexcited electron dynamics depend on electron-electron (e-e) and electron-phonon (e-p) interaction strengths is important for many fields, e.g. ultrafast magnetism, photocatalysis, plasmonics, and others. Here, we report simple expressions that capture the interplay of e-e and e-p interactions on electron distribution relaxation times. We observe a dependence of the dynamics on e-e and e-p interaction strengths that is universal to most metals and is also counterintuitive. While only e-p interactions reduce the total energy stored by excited electrons, the time for energy to leave the electronic subsystem also depends on e-e interaction strengths because e-e interactions increase the number of electrons emitting phonons. The effect of e-e interactions on energy-relaxation is largest in metals with strong e-p interactions. Finally, the time high energy electron states remain occupied depends only on the strength of e-e interactions, even if e-p scattering rates are much greater than e-e scattering rates.more » « less
- Free Publicly Accessible Full Text
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Accepted Manuscript1.0
- Journal Article:
- https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SC01029A
