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This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site US-TaS Taylor Slough/Panhandle. Site Description - This tower is located in the Florida Everglades, a unique community of stunted mangroves which receive seasonally driven freshwater inputs and wind-driven estuarine inputs
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AmeriFlux AmeriFlux US-Skr Shark River Slough (Tower SRS-6) Everglades
This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site US-Skr Shark River Slough (Tower SRS-6) Everglades. Site Description - The Florida Everglades Shark River Slough Mangrove Forest site is located along the Shark River in the western region of Everglades National Park. Also referred to as site SRS6 of the Florida Coastal Everglades LTER program, freshwater in the mangrove riverine floods the forest floor under a meter of water twice per day. Transgressive discharge of freshwater from the Shark river follows annual rainfall distributions between the wet and dry seasons. Hurricane Wilma struck the site in October of 2005 causing significant damage. The tower was offline until the following October in order to continue temporally consistent measurements. In post-hurricane conditions, ecosystem respiration rates and solar irradiance transfer increased. 2007- 2008 measurements indicate that these factors led to an decline in both annual -NEE and daily NEE from pre-hurricane conditions in 2004-2005.
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- PAR ID:
- 10568764
- Publisher / Repository:
- AmeriFlux; Florida International University; Pennsylvania State University; Yale University
- Date Published:
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Location:
- (Latitude:25.3629; Longitude:-81.0776)
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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In September 2017, Hurricane Irma made landfall in South Florida, causing a great deal of damage to mangrove forests along the southwest coast. A combination of hurricane strength winds and high storm surge across the area resulted in canopy defoliation, broken branches, and downed trees. Evaluating changes in mangrove forest structure is significant, as a loss or change in mangrove forest structure can lead to loss in the ecosystems services that they provide. In this study, we used lidar remote sensing technology and field data to assess damage to the South Florida mangrove forests from Hurricane Irma. Lidar data provided an opportunity to investigate changes in mangrove forests using 3D high-resolution data to assess hurricane-induced changes at different tree structure levels. Using lidar data in conjunction with field observations, we were able to model aboveground necromass (AGN; standing dead trees) on a regional scale across the Shark River and Harney River within Everglades National Park. AGN estimates were higher in the mouth and downstream section of Shark River and higher in the downstream section of the Harney River, with higher impact observed in Shark River. Mean AGN estimates were 46 Mg/ha in Shark River and 38 Mg/ha in Harney River and an average loss of 29% in biomass, showing a significant damage when compared to other areas impacted by Hurricane Irma and previous disturbances in our study region.more » « less
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Datasets include hydrology (water level and salinity), net ecosystem exchange of CO2, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and air temperature for a freshwater marl prairie, brackish marsh ecotone, and saline scrub mangrove forest. Data were derived from multiple sources, including two sites from the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) DBhydro web database, two sites from the Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE-LTER) program and three AmeriFlux sites in the Southeastern Everglades region. Ameriflux sites were co-located with FCE-LTER sites. To understand the effects of sea level rise and freshwater management on landscape carbon exchange (C), we measured the net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) between subtropical wetland ecosystems and the atmosphere along a dynamic salinity gradient. Ecosystems were representative of freshwater marl prairies, brackish marsh ecotones, and saline scrub mangrove forests. In the southeastern Everglades, the magnitude of environmental change was greatest along the coast, where mangrove scrub forests exhibited a greater capacity to maintain CO2 uptake with changing conditions.more » « less
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ABSTRACT Mangrove forests are typically considered resilient to natural disturbances, likely caused by the evolutionary adaptation of species‐specific traits. These ecosystems play a vital role in the global carbon cycle and are responsible for an outsized contribution to carbon burial and enhanced sedimentation rates. Using eddy covariance data from two coastal mangrove forests in the Florida Coastal Everglades, we evaluated the impact hurricanes have on mangrove forest structure and function by measuring recovery to pre‐disturbance conditions following Hurricane Wilma in 2005 and Hurricane Irma in 2017. We determined the “recovery debt,” the deficit in ecosystem structure and function following a disturbance, using the leaf area index (LAI) and the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO2). Calculated as the cumulative deviation from pre‐disturbance conditions, the recovery debt incorporated the recapture of all the carbon lost due to the disturbance. In Everglades mangrove forests, LAI returned to pre‐disturbance levels within a year, and ecosystem respiration and maximum photosynthetic rates took much longer, resulting in an initial recovery debt of 178 g C m−2at the tall forest with limited impacts at the scrub forest. At the landscape scale, the initial recovery debt was 0.40 Mt C, and in most coastal mangrove forests, all lost carbon was recovered within just 4 years. While high‐intensity storms could have prolonged impacts on the structure of subtropical forests, fast canopy recovery suggests these ecosystems will remain strong carbon sinks.more » « less
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Monthly litterfall data is being collected in two mangrove-dominated regions (Shark River and Taylor Slough) in South Florida. Three sites (SRS4, SRS5, SRS6) in the Shark River region and one site (TS/Ph8) in the Joe Bay area region were used to characterize patterns of litterfall production. At each mangrove site 10 litter baskets (0.5 x 0.5 m) were placed in two 20 x 20 m plots (five baskets per plot). Data have been collected since January 2001. Statistical analysis is being performed. See also Shark River mangrove litterfall carbon and nutrients data package knb-lter-fce.1266 (https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-fce&identifier=1266).more » « less
