Topological semimetals with massless Dirac and Weyl fermions represent the forefront of quantum materials research. In two dimensions, a peculiar class of fermions that are massless in one direction and massive in the perpendicular direction was predicted 16 years ago. These highly exotic quasiparticles—the semi-Dirac fermions—ignited intense theoretical and experimental interest but remain undetected. Using magneto-optical spectroscopy, we demonstrate the defining feature of semi-Dirac fermions— scaling of Landau levels—in a prototypical nodal-line metal ZrSiS. In topological metals, including ZrSiS, nodal lines extend the band degeneracies from isolated points to lines, loops, or even chains in the momentum space. With calculations and theoretical modeling, we pinpoint the observed semi-Dirac spectrum to the crossing points of nodal lines in ZrSiS. Crossing nodal lines exhibit a continuum absorption spectrum but with singularities that scale as at the crossing. Our work sheds light on the hidden quasiparticles emerging from the intricate topology of crossing nodal lines and highlights the potential to explore quantum geometry with linear optical responses. Published by the American Physical Society2024 
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                    This content will become publicly available on December 1, 2025
                            
                            Anomalous Crystalline-Electromagnetic Responses in Semimetals
                        
                    
    
            We present a unifying framework that allows us to study the mixed crystalline-electromagnetic responses of topological semimetals in spatial dimensions up to through dimensional augmentation and reduction procedures. We show how this framework illuminates relations between the previously known topological semimetals and use it to identify a new class of quadrupolar nodal line semimetals for which we construct a lattice tight-binding Hamiltonian. We further utilize this framework to quantify a variety of mixed crystalline-electromagnetic responses, including several that have not previously been explored in existing literature, and show that the corresponding coefficients are universally proportional to weighted momentum-energy multipole moments of the nodal points (or lines) of the semimetal. We introduce lattice gauge fields that couple to the crystal momentum and describe how tools including the gradient expansion procedure, dimensional reduction, compactification, and the Kubo formula can be used to systematically derive these responses and their coefficients. We further substantiate these findings through analytical physical arguments, microscopic calculations, and explicit numerical simulations employing tight-binding models. Published by the American Physical Society2024 
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                            - Award ID(s):
- 2313858
- PAR ID:
- 10579624
- Publisher / Repository:
- Physical Review X
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Physical Review X
- Volume:
- 14
- Issue:
- 4
- ISSN:
- 2160-3308
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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