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   https://doi.org/10.1109/ANTS52808.2021.9936995  

   Hu, Boyang; Nadig, Deepak; Ramamurthy, Byrav (December 2021, 2021 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS))

   Network service mesh architectures, by interconnecting cloud clusters, provide access to services across distributed infrastructures. Typically, services are replicated across clusters to ensure resilience. However, end-to-end service performance varies mainly depending on the service loads experienced by individual clusters. Therefore, a key challenge is to optimize end-to-end service performance by routing service requests to clusters with the least service processing/response times. We present a two-phase approach that combines an optimized multi-layer optical routing system with service mesh performance costs to improve end-to-end service performance. Our experimental strategy shows that leveraging a multi-layer architecture in combination with service performance information improves end-to-end performance. We evaluate our approach by testing our strategy on a service mesh layer overlay on a modified continental united states (CONUS) network topology. 

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2. Balancing on the Edge: Fast Service or No Service

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4. Understanding service navigation pathways and service experiences among homeless populations

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   Lee, Eunwoo; Lee, Wonhyung; Duncan, Stephanie (July 2022, Qualitative Social Work)

   Previous homelessness research examined common pathways into homelessness, yet not much is known about how people navigate through services while experiencing homelessness. This study explored the service pathways of homeless individuals in the U.S. context, which show their connection with multiple organizations and their lived experiences of using services over time. We conducted 12 semi-structured in-depth interviews to grasp the history of service pathways, including the number of organizations, time gaps between services, and referral patterns. We also conducted participant observation shadowing with a subset of the study participants to understand how they interact with caseworkers. The length of service pathways varied, from less than five years to more than two decades. On average, participants went through at least three and up to eight organizations. Regarding service experiences, systemic- and individual-level themes were drawn for negative or positive experiences, such as strict organizational policies and the caseworker’s demeaning attitudes (negative), or supportive organizational culture and strong employee competencies (positive). The findings of this study provide deeper insights into homeless populations’ service trajectories and their experiences throughout the service-navigating process. 

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5. Many-Server Limits for Service Systems with Dependent Service and Patience Times

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   Moyal, P.; Perry, O. (April 2022, Queueing systems)