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Summary Karyotypes provide key cytogenetic information on the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary origins in related eukaryotic species. Despite our knowledge of the chromosome numbers of sugarcane and its wild relatives, the chromosome composition and evolution among the species in theSaccharumcomplex have been elusive owing to the complex polyploidy and the large numbers of chromosomes of these species.Oligonucleotide‐based chromosome painting has become a powerful tool of cytogenetic studies especially for plant species with large numbers of chromosomes. We developed oligo‐based chromosome painting probes for all 10 chromosomes inSaccharum officinarum(2n = 8x = 80). The 10 painting probes generated robust fluorescencein situhybridization signals in all plant species within theSaccharumcomplex, including species in the generaSaccharum,Miscanthus,NarengaandErianthus.We conducted comparative chromosome analysis using the same set of probes among species from four different genera within theSaccharumcomplex. Excitingly, we discovered several novel cytotypes and chromosome rearrangements in these species.We discovered that fusion from two different chromosomes is a common type of chromosome rearrangement associated with the species in theSaccharumcomplex. Such fusion events changed the basic chromosome number and resulted in distinct allopolyploids in theSaccharumcomplex.
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This content will become publicly available on January 29, 2026
Chromosome-length genome assembly of the stone marten ( Martes foina , Mustelidae): A new view on one of the cornerstones in carnivore cytogenetics
Abstract The stone marten (Martes foina) is an important species for cytogenetic studies in the order Carnivora. ZooFISH probes created from its chromosomes provided a strong and clean signal in chromosome painting experiments and were valuable for studying the evolution of carnivoran genome architecture. The research revealed that the stone marten chromosome set is similar to the presumed ancestral karyotype of the Carnivora, which added an additional value for the species. Using linked-read and Hi-C sequencing, we generated a chromosome-length genome assembly of a male stone marten (Gansu province, China) from a primary cell line. The stone marten assembly had a length of 2.42 Gbp, scaffold N50 of 144 Mbp, and a 96.2% BUSCO completeness score. We identified 19 chromosomal scaffolds (2n = 38) and assigned them chromosome ids based on chromosome painting data. Annotation identified 20,087 protein-coding gene models, of which 18,283 were assigned common names. Comparison of the stone marten assembly with the cat, dog, and human genomes revealed several small syntenic blocks absent on the published painting maps. Finally, we assessed the heterozygosity and its distribution over the chromosomes. The detected low heterozygosity level (0.4 hetSNPs/kbp) and the presence of long runs of homozygosity require further research and a new evaluation of the conservation status of the stone marten in China. Combined with available carnivoran genomes in large-scale synteny analysis, the stone marten genome will highlight new features and events in carnivoran evolution, hidden from cytogenetic approaches.
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- Award ID(s):
- 2019745
- PAR ID:
- 10597052
- Author(s) / Creator(s):
- ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; more »
- Editor(s):
- Murphy, William
- Publisher / Repository:
- American Genetic Association
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Journal of Heredity
- ISSN:
- 0022-1503
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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