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1. Pyroelectric gating of graphene transistor for plasmon-enhanced optical sensing

   https://doi.org/10.1364/CLEO_AT.2022.JTh3A.66  

   Wei, Le; Qian, Jingjing; Dong, Liang; Lu, Meng (January 2022, CLEO: Applications and Technology)

   A plasmon-enhanced pyroelectric membrane was applied to control the current flow in a graphene transistor for light detection. The graphene transistor was built on a free-standing, 15-μm-thick PVDF membrane, which was doped using gold nanorods to facilitate its optical absorption. Under the resonant condition, the device exhibited a responsivity of 0.79 μA/mW. 

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2. Towards a nomenclatural clarification of the Peltigera ponojensis/monticola clade including metagenomic sequencing of type material and the introduction of P. globulata Miadl. & Magain sp. nov.

   https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282923000373  

   Miadlikowska, Jolanta; Magain, Nicolas; Medeiros, Ian D.; Pardo-De la Hoz, Carlos J.; Carbone, Ignazio; LaGreca, Scott; Barlow, Thomas; Myllys, Leena; Schmull, Michaela; Lutzoni, François (September 2023, The Lichenologist)

   Abstract Peltigera globulata Miadl. & Magain, a new species in the P. ponojensis/monticola species complex of section Peltigera , is formally described. This clade was previously given the interim designation Peltigera sp. 17. It is found in sun-exposed and xeric habitats at high altitudes in Peru and Ecuador. Peltigera globulata can be easily recognized by its irregularly globulated margins covered mostly by thick, white pruina, somewhat resembling the sorediate thallus margins of P. soredians , another South American species from section Peltigera . The hypervariable region of ITS1 (ITS1-HR), which is in general highly variable among species of section Peltigera , does not have diagnostic value for species identification within the P. ponojensis/monticola complex. Nevertheless, no significant level of gene flow was detected among eight lineages representing a clade of putative species (including P. globulata ) within this complex. ITS sequences from the holotype specimens of P. monticola Vitik. (collected in 1979) and P. soredians Vitik. (collected in 1981) and lectotype specimens of P. antarctica C. W. Dodge (collected in 1941) and P. aubertii C. W. Dodge (collected in 1952) were successfully obtained through Sanger and Illumina metagenomic sequencing. BLAST results of these sequences revealed that the type specimen of P. monticola falls within the P. monticola/ponojensis 7 clade, which represents P. monticola s. str., and confirmed that the type specimen of P. aubertii falls within a clade identified previously as P. aubertii based on morphology. The ITS sequence from the type specimen of P. soredians , which superficially resembles P. globulata , confirms its placement in the P. rufescens clade. Finally, we discovered that the name P. antarctica was erroneously applied to a lineage in the P. ponojensis/monticola clade. The ITS sequence from the type specimen of P. antarctica represents a lineage within the P. rufescens clade, which is sister to the P. ponojensis/monticola clade. 

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3. The effect of localized disturbance on the acoustic behavior of the common tern ( Sterna hirundo )

   https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0028204  

   Brosseau, J E; Eddington, V M; Craig, E C; White, E R; Kloepper, L N (August 2024, JASA Express Letters)

   In this study, passive acoustic monitoring was used to assess the impact of investigator disturbance on the acoustic behavior of a colony of common terns. A graded antipredator response in the colony was hypothesized, which would result in an increase in acoustic energy with increased proximity to investigator disturbance. Human disturbance was found to result in a significant increase in acoustic energy within 20 meters of recorders, though not from farther distances. Our findings provide a framework for assessing the behavioral impact of disturbance on colonies and support the existence of a graded alarm call system in common terns. 

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4. Surface shear stress relaxation of silica glass

   https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.16342  

   Aaldenberg, Emily M.; Aaldenberg, Jared S.; Blanchet, Thierry A.; Tomozawa, Minoru (February 2019, Journal of the American Ceramic Society)

   Abstract A constant angle of twist was applied to silica glass rods in order to produce a torsional shear strain and a reduction in torque representative of the stress state in the glass was measured as a function of time when rods were heat‐treated in air at temperatures, 550‐700°C, far below the glass transition temperature. The monotonic decrease of torque with time was explained by surface stress relaxation, which can be described by a relaxation of stress at the surface of glass which is promoted by water. The obtained surface stress relaxation diffusion coefficients were consistent with those obtained earlier from silica glass fiber bending under a similar water vapor pressure. The observed relaxation in torsion supports the mechanism of surface stress relaxation over the swelling‐based mechanism for applications including glass fiber strengthening. 

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5. The refinement of flipped teaching implementation to include retrieval practice

   https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00143.2019  

   Gopalan, Chaya; Fentem, Andrea; Rever, Anna L. (June 2020, Advances in Physiology Education)

   There has been growing evidence that flipped teaching (FT) can increase student engagement. Traditional lecture-based teaching (TT) method was compared with FT and FT combined with retrieval practice (FTR) in a 400-level Exercise Physiology course over eight semesters. In the FT format, lecture content was assigned for students to prepare before class along with an online quiz. During class, the assigned content and quiz questions were reviewed, and a team-based learning (TBL) activity was conducted. Students found FT implementation three times a week (FT3) to be overwhelming, which led to reconfiguration of the FT design to minimize the quiz and TBL sessions to one per week. Subsequently, FT was combined with retrieval exercises (FTR), which involved recalling information, thus promoting retention. The students in the FTR format were given weekly quizzes in class, where no notes were allowed, which affected their quiz grade negatively compared with FT ( P < 0.0001). Again, no resources were permitted during FTR’s TBL sessions. When exam scores were compared with TT, student performance was significantly greater ( P < 0.001) with the FT and FTR methods, suggesting these methods are superior to TT. While both male and female students benefited from FT and FTR methods compared with TT ( P = 0.0008), male students benefited the most (( P = 0.0001). Similarly, when the exam scores were organized into upper and lower halves, both groups benefited from FT and FTR ( P < 0.0001) approaches. In conclusion, both FT and FTR methods benefit students more compared with TT, and male students are impacted the most. 

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