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1. Viscosity Solutions for McKean–Vlasov Control on a Torus

   https://doi.org/10.1137/22M1543732  

   Soner, H Mete; Yan, Qinxin (April 2024, SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization)

   An optimal control problem in the space of probability measures, and the viscosity solu- tions of the corresponding dynamic programming equations defined using the intrinsic linear derivative are studied. The value function is shown to be Lipschitz continuous with respect to a novel smooth Fourier-Wasserstein metric. A comparison result between the Lipschitz viscosity sub and super solutions of the dynamic programming equation is proved using this metric, characterizing the value function as the unique Lipschitz viscosity solution. 

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2. Quantitative Fault Injection Analysis

   https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8730-6_10  

   Feldtkeller, Jakob; Güneysu, Time; Schaumont, Patrick (December 2023, Advances in Cryptology – ASIACRYPT 2023)

   Guo, J; Steinfeld, R (Ed.)

   Active fault injection is a credible threat to real-world digital systems computing on sensitive data. Arguing about security in the presence of faults is non-trivial, and state-of-the-art criteria are overly conservative and lack the ability of fine-grained comparison. However, comparing two alternative implementations for their security is required to find a satisfying compromise between security and performance. In addition, the comparison of alternative fault scenarios can help optimize the implementation of effective countermeasures. In this work, we use quantitative information flow analysis to establish a vulnerability metric for hardware circuits under fault injection that measures the severity of an attack in terms of information leakage. Potential use cases range from comparing implementations with respect to their vulnerability to specific fault scenarios to optimizing countermeasures. We automate the computation of our metric by integrating it into a state-of-the-art evaluation tool for physical attacks and provide new insights into the security under an active fault attacker. 

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3. New metric improving Bayesian calibration of a multistage approach studying hadron and inclusive jet suppression

   https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.109.064903  

   Fan, W; Vujanovic, G; Bass, S A; Angerami, A; Arora, R; Cao, S; Chen, Y; Dai, T; Du, L; Ehlers, R; et al (June 2024, Physical Review C)

   We study parton energy-momentum exchange with the quark gluon plasma (QGP) within a multistage approach composed of in-medium Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi evolution at high virtuality, and (linearized) Boltzmann transport formalism at lower virtuality. This multistage simulation is then calibrated in comparison with high- $p_T$charged hadrons, $D$mesons, and the inclusive jet nuclear modification factors, using Bayesian model-to-data comparison, to extract the virtuality-dependent transverse momentum broadening transport coefficient $\hat{q}$. To facilitate this undertaking, we develop a quantitative metric for validating the Bayesian workflow, which is used to analyze the sensitivity of various model parameters to individual observables. The usefulness of this new metric in improving Bayesian model emulation is shown to be highly beneficial for future such analyses. Published by the American Physical Society2024 

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4. Brownian Motions and Heat Kernel Lower Bounds on Kähler and Quaternion Kähler Manifolds

   https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnaa199  

   Baudoin, Fabrice; Yang, Guang (August 2020, International Mathematics Research Notices)

   null (Ed.)

   Abstract We study the radial parts of the Brownian motions on Kähler and quaternion Kähler manifolds. Thanks to sharp Laplacian comparison theorems, we deduce as a consequence a sharp Cheeger–Yau-type lower bound for the heat kernels of such manifolds and also sharp Cheng’s type estimates for the Dirichlet eigenvalues of metric balls. 

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5. An international laboratory comparison of dissolved organic matter composition by high resolution mass spectrometry: Are we getting the same answer?

   https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10364  

   Hawkes, Jeffrey A.; D'Andrilli, Juliana; Agar, Jeffrey N.; Barrow, Mark P.; Berg, Stephanie M.; Catalán, Núria; Chen, Hongmei; Chu, Rosalie K.; Cole, Richard B.; Dittmar, Thorsten; et al (June 2020, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods)

   Abstract High‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has become a vital tool for dissolved organic matter (DOM) characterization. The upward trend in HRMS analysis of DOM presents challenges in data comparison and interpretation among laboratories operating instruments with differing performance and user operating conditions. It is therefore essential that the community establishes metric ranges and compositional trends for data comparison with reference samples so that data can be robustly compared among research groups. To this end, four identically prepared DOM samples were each measured by 16 laboratories, using 17 commercially purchased instruments, using positive‐ion and negative‐ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI) HRMS analyses. The instruments identified ~1000 common ions in both negative‐ and positive‐ion modes over a wide range ofm/zvalues and chemical space, as determined by van Krevelen diagrams. Calculated metrics of abundance‐weighted average indices (H/C, O/C, aromaticity, andm/z) of the commonly detected ions showed that hydrogen saturation and aromaticity were consistent for each reference sample across the instruments, while average mass and oxygenation were more affected by differences in instrument type and settings. In this paper we present 32 metric values for future benchmarking. The metric values were obtained for the four different parameters from four samples in two ionization modes and can be used in future work to evaluate the performance of HRMS instruments. 

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