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1. CRISPR‐Cas9 Genome Editing in the Moss Physcomitrium (Formerly Physcomitrella ) patens

   https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.725  

   Wu, Shu‐Zon; Ryken, Samantha E.; Bezanilla, Magdalena (April 2023, Current Protocols)

   Abstract Until recently, precise genome editing has been limited to a few organisms. The ability of Cas9 to generate double stranded DNA breaks at specific genomic sites has greatly expanded molecular toolkits in many organisms and cell types. Before CRISPR‐Cas9 mediated genome editing,P. patenswas unique among plants in its ability to integrate DNA via homologous recombination. However, selection for homologous recombination events was required to obtain edited plants, limiting the types of editing that were possible. Now with CRISPR‐Cas9, molecular manipulations inP. patenshave greatly expanded. This protocol describes a method to generate a variety of different genome edits. The protocol describes a streamlined method to generate the Cas9/sgRNA expression constructs, design homology templates, transform, and quickly genotype plants. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Constructing the Cas9/sgRNA transient expression vector Alternate Protocol 1: Shortcut to generating single and pooled Cas9/sgRNA expression vectors Basic Protocol 2: Designing the oligonucleotide‐based homology‐directed repair (HDR) template Alternate Protocol 2: Designing the plasmid‐based HDR template Basic Protocol 3: Inducing genome editing by transforming CRISPR vector intoP. patensprotoplasts Basic Protocol 4: Identifying edited plants. 

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2. The L _p chord Minkowski problem

   https://doi.org/10.1515/ans-2022-0041  

   Xi, Dongmeng; Yang, Deane; Zhang, Gaoyong; Zhao, Yiming (January 2023, Advanced Nonlinear Studies)

   Abstract Chord measures are newly discovered translation-invariant geometric measures of convex bodies in R n {{\mathbb{R}}}^{n} , in addition to Aleksandrov-Fenchel-Jessen’s area measures. They are constructed from chord integrals of convex bodies and random lines. Prescribing the L p {L}_{p} chord measures is called the L p {L}_{p} chord Minkowski problem in the L p {L}_{p} Brunn-Minkowski theory, which includes the L p {L}_{p} Minkowski problem as a special case. This article solves the L p {L}_{p} chord Minkowski problem when p > 1 p\gt 1 and the symmetric case of 0 < p < 1 0\lt p\lt 1 . 

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3. In silico screening of P , N -ligands facilitates optimization of Au( iii )-mediated S -arylation

   https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SC05920D  

   Treacy, Joseph W; Tilden, James_A R; Chao, Elaine Y; Fu, Zihuan; Spokoyny, Alexander M; Houk, K N; Maynard, Heather D (February 2025, Chemical Science)

   In silicoexamination of 13P,N-ligated Au(iii) OACs determined the key mechanistic factors governing Au(iii)-mediatedS-arylation. Three complexes were synthesized which exhibited bimolecular coordination rate constants as high as 20 200 M⁻¹s⁻¹. 

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4. The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum rescues Paraburkholderia hayleyella , but not P. agricolaris , from interspecific competition

   https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiad055  

   Medina, James_M; Queller, David_C; Strassmann, Joan_E; Garcia, Justine_R (May 2023, FEMS Microbiology Ecology)

   Abstract Bacterial endosymbionts can provide benefits for their eukaryotic hosts, but it is often unclear if endosymbionts benefit from these relationships. The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum associates with three species of Paraburkholderia endosymbionts, including P. agricolaris and P. hayleyella. These endosymbionts can be costly to the host but are beneficial in certain contexts because they allow D. discoideum to carry prey bacteria through the dispersal stage. In experiments where no other species are present, P. hayleyella benefits from D. discoideum while P. agricolaris does not. However, the presence of other species may influence this symbiosis. We tested if P. agricolaris and P. hayleyella benefit from D. discoideum in the context of resource competition with Klebsiella pneumoniae, the typical laboratory prey of D. discoideum. Without D. discoideum, K. pneumoniae depressed the growth of both Paraburkholderia symbionts, consistent with competition. P. hayleyella was more harmed by interspecific competition than P. agricolaris. We found that P. hayleyella was rescued from competition by D. discoideum, while P. agricolaris was not. This may be because P. hayleyella is more specialized as an endosymbiont; it has a highly reduced genome compared to P. agricolaris and may have lost genes relevant for resource competition outside of its host. 

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5. Drinfeld’s Lemma for F -isocrystals, I

   https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnae039  

   Kedlaya, Kiran S (March 2024, International Mathematics Research Notices)

   Abstract We prove that in either the convergent or overconvergent setting, an absolutely irreducible $$F$$-isocrystal on the absolute product of two or more smooth schemes over perfect fields of characteristic $$p$$, further equipped with actions of the partial Frobenius maps, is an external product of $$F$$-isocrystals over the multiplicands. The corresponding statement for lisse $$\overline{{\mathbb{Q}}}_{\ell }$$-sheaves, for $$\ell \neq p$$ a prime, is a consequence of Drinfeld’s lemma on the fundamental groups of absolute products of schemes in characteristic $$p$$. The latter plays a key role in V. Lafforgue’s approach to the Langlands correspondence for reductive groups with $$\ell $$-adic coefficients; the $$p$$-adic analogue will be considered in subsequent work with Daxin Xu. 

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