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This content will become publicly available on January 1, 2026

Title: Isolated Multi-Port DC-DC Converters for Renewable Energy Sources: A Review
Award ID(s):
2330582
PAR ID:
10641477
Author(s) / Creator(s):
 ;  ;  ;  
Publisher / Repository:
IEEE Xplore
Date Published:
Journal Name:
IEEE Access
Volume:
13
ISSN:
2169-3536
Page Range / eLocation ID:
120307 to 120326
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
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    This paper introduces a non-invasive, low-cost, and trace-free capacitor freezing attack on DC/DC converters, which uses off-the-shelf electronics cooling sprays to rapidly decrease the capacitors' temperature. Due to the temperature drop, the converters are unable to maintain their specified output voltages, and their transient behavior changes. When the attack has finished, the temperature of the capacitors quickly returns to normal, while any evidence of the attack vanishes. 
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