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Abstract To release biosubstances, including drug molecules, DNAs, and proteins, at prescribed cellular and tissue locations with controllable rates is the Holy Grail of drug delivery that could enable an array of unprecedentedin vitroandin vivoapplications. Extensive research efforts have been focused on exploring innovative mechanisms and approaches for controlling biochemical release with prescribed dose, timing, and dynamics. Particularly, the utilization of electric fields to stimulate the release of biomolecules from synthesized micro/nanostructures has received considerable interest. In this review, we focus on the recent progresses in controlling the release of biomolecules with electric fields by a variety of mechanisms, including electrochemical desorption and actuation, electrically triggered erosion, and electrically driven nanopumps and mechanical motions. The research on external electric stimuli trigged biorelease has progressed rapidly and could make remarkable impact in single‐cell biology, cell‐cell communication, and drug discovery.
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Nanotweezers for Manipulating Untethered Micro/Nanoscale Bio‐Tools: Principles, Performance, and Highlighted Applications
The rapid advancement of nanotweezers for wireless manipulation of artificial micro‐ and nanoparticles has unlocked unprecedented possibilities in biomedicine. This review delves into optical, electric, and magnetic tweezers, emphasizing their roles in controlling single particles with micro/nanoscale features as miniaturized tools. Instead of providing a comprehensive review, this work highlights a select number of representative historical and contemporary examples of each type of tweezer, covering their rudimental working mechanisms, experimental setups, performance characteristics, and niche biomedical applications. Particularly, the focus lies in providing a quantitative comparison of the performances in spatial precision and degrees of freedom in controlling single particles, along with associated challenges and prospects.
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- PAR ID:
- 10641695
- Publisher / Repository:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)
- Date Published:
- Journal Name:
- Advanced NanoBiomed Research
- Volume:
- 5
- Issue:
- 4
- ISSN:
- 2699-9307
- Format(s):
- Medium: X
- Sponsoring Org:
- National Science Foundation
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