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Title: Calibrating the Instrumental Drift in MAROON-X Using an Ensemble Analysis
Abstract MAROON-X is a state-of-the-art extreme-precision radial velocity spectrograph deployed on the 8.1 m Gemini-N telescope on Maunakea, Hawai’i. Using a stabilized Fabry–Pérot etalon for wavelength and drift calibration, MAROON-X has achieved a short-term precision of ∼30 cm s−1. However, due to a long-term drift in the etalon (2.2 cm s−1per day) and various interruptions of the instrument baseline over the first few years of operation, MAROON-X experiences radial velocity (RV) offsets between observing runs several times larger than the short-term precision during any individual run, which hinders the detection of longer-period signals. In this study, we analyze RV measurements of 11 targets that either exhibit small RV scatter or have signals that can be precisely constrained using Keplerian or Gaussian process models. Leveraging this ensemble, we calibrate MAROON-X’s run offsets for data collected between 2020 September and early 2024 January to a precision of ∼0.5 m s−1. When applying these calibrated offsets to HD 3651, a quiet star, we obtain residual velocities with an rms of <70 cm s−1in both the red and blue channels of MAROON-X over a baseline of 29 months. We also demonstrate the sensitivity of MAROON-X data calibrated with these offsets through a series of injection-recovery tests. Based on our findings, MAROON-X is capable of detecting sub m s−1signals out to periods of more than 1000 days.  more » « less
Award ID(s):
2108465
PAR ID:
10647707
Author(s) / Creator(s):
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Publisher / Repository:
AAS
Date Published:
Journal Name:
The Astronomical Journal
Volume:
169
Issue:
5
ISSN:
0004-6256
Page Range / eLocation ID:
253
Format(s):
Medium: X
Sponsoring Org:
National Science Foundation
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