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Abstract Phytoplankton blooms in coastal oceans can be beneficial to coastal fisheries production and ecosystem function, but can also cause major environmental problems 1,2 —yet detailed characterizations of bloom incidence and distribution are not available worldwide. Here we map daily marine coastal algal blooms between 2003 and 2020 using global satellite observations at 1-km spatial resolution. We found that algal blooms occurred in 126 out of the 153 coastal countries examined. Globally, the spatial extent (+13.2%) and frequency (+59.2%) of blooms increased significantly ( P  < 0.05) over the study period, whereas blooms weakened in tropical and subtropical areas of the Northern Hemisphere. We documented the relationship between the bloom trends and ocean circulation, and identified the stimulatory effects of recent increases in sea surface temperature. Our compilation of daily mapped coastal phytoplankton blooms provides the basis for global assessments of bloom risks and benefits, and for the formulation or evaluation of management or policy actions. 

Hydrogen (H2) gas is a possible alternate fuel to help meet increasing worldwide energy needs, but a major obstacle in the use of H2 for green, environmentally-friendly fuel is the energetic and chemical requirements to synthesize the gas. We are studying the use of photocatalytic reactions to produce H2, where a light-absorbing substance acts as a catalyst in shuttling electrons from a donor to protons that are reduced into H2. Previous research conducted at BYU showed that platinum nanoparticles bound to ferritin catalyzed the photoreaction of methyl viologen to reduce protons in an organic acid offered an increase in hydrogen production efficiency by up to 100 times over platinum black (a commonly available platinum-based catalyst). We are reporting on our efforts to optimize the synthesis of the platinum nanoparticles bound to ferritin that are used in this photocatalytic system and how we characterize these nanoparticles, as well as how these characteristics affect H2 production. *We'd like to thank the Brigham Young University Physics Department and the National Science Foundation (grant no. 1757998) for their generous funding. 

As energy needs grow ever greater in today's world, many scientists are investigating possible replacements for fossil fuels as an energy source. The use of hydrogen (H2) gas in particular is undergoing a significant amount of research, but a major obstacle in the use of H2 for green, environmentally-friendly fuel is the energetic and chemical requirement to synthesize the gas. A possibility in satisfying current and future H2 production needs is the use of photocatalytic reactions, where a light-absorbing substance acts as a catalyst in shuttling electrons from a donor to protons that are reduced into H2. Previous research conducted at BYU found such a system where platinum nanoparticles bound to ferritin catalyzed the photoreaction of methyl viologen to reduce protons in an organic acid, which offered a one hundred-fold increase in H2 production efficiency over photocatalytic reactions catalyzed by bulk platinum. We are reporting on our efforts to optimize the synthesis of the platinum nanoparticles bound to ferritin that are used in this photocatalytic system and how we characterize these nanoparticles. *We'd like to thank the Brigham Young University Physics Department and the National Science Foundation (grant no. 1757998) for their generous funding. To cite this abstract, use the following reference: http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2018.4CS.J03.3