Search for: All records

Cell migration is critical in processes such as developmental biology, wound healing, immune response, and cancer invasion/metastasis. Understanding its regulation is essential for developing targeted therapies in regenerative medicine, cancer treatment and immune modulation. This review examines cell migration mechanisms, highlighting fundamental physical principles, key molecular components, and cellular behaviors, identifying existing gaps in current knowledge, and suggesting potential directions for future research. 

Abstract This article provides an overview of the current state of machine learning in gravitational-wave research with interferometric detectors. Such applications are often still in their early days, but have reached sufficient popularity to warrant an assessment of their impact across various domains, including detector studies, noise and signal simulations, and the detection and interpretation of astrophysical signals. In detector studies, machine learning could be useful to optimize instruments like LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and future detectors. Algorithms could predict and help in mitigating environmental disturbances in real time, ensuring detectors operate at peak performance. Furthermore, machine-learning tools for characterizing and cleaning data after it is taken have already become crucial tools for achieving the best sensitivity of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA network. In data analysis, machine learning has already been applied as an alternative to traditional methods for signal detection, source localization, noise reduction, and parameter estimation. For some signal types, it can already yield improved efficiency and robustness, though in many other areas traditional methods remain dominant. As the field evolves, the role of machine learning in advancing gravitational-wave research is expected to become increasingly prominent. This report highlights recent advancements, challenges, and perspectives for the current detector generation, with a brief outlook to the next generation of gravitational-wave detectors. 

High-performance computing is a driving force behind scientific innovation and discovery. However, as the number of users and the complexity of high-performance computing systems grow, so does the volume and variability of technical issues handled by sup- port teams. The evolving nature of these issues presents a need for automated tools that can extract clear, accurate, and relevant fre- quently asked questions directly from support tickets. This need was addressed by developing a novel pipeline that incorporates seman- tic clustering, representation learning, and large language models. While prior research laid strong foundations across classification, clustering and large language model-based questions & answers, our work augments these efforts by integrating semantic clustering, domain-specific summarization, and multi-stage generation into a scalable pipeline for autonomous technical support. To prioritize high-impact issues, the pipeline began by filtering tickets based on anomaly frequency and recency. It then leveraged an instruction- tuned large language model to clean and summarize each ticket into a structured issue-resolution pair. Next, unsupervised semantic clus- tering was performed to identify subclusters of semantically similar tickets within broader topic clusters. A large language model-based generation module was then applied to create frequently asked questions representing the most dominant issues. A structured evaluation by subject matter experts indicated that our approach transformed technical support tickets into understandable, factu- ally sound, and pertinent frequently asked questions. The ability to extract fine-grained insights from raw ticket data enhances the scalability, efficiency, and responsiveness of technical support work- flows in high-performance computing environments, ultimately enabling faster troubleshooting and more accessible pathways to scientific discovery.