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Live Jurkat cells were trapped by dielectrophoresis on a coplanar waveguide and the resulted changes in its reflection and transmission coefficients were measured from 900 Hz to 40 GHz. The measurement confirms that the decrease of nucleus size in a cell increases its impacts on both the reflection and transmission coefficients. Being fast, compact and label free, broadband electrical sensing may be used to detect other changes of the nucleus morphology and DNA content, which could be useful for cancer diagnosis.more » « less
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null (Ed.)Single-connection in situ calibration using biocompatible solutions is demonstrated in single-cell sensing from 0.5 to 9 GHz. The sensing is based on quickly trapping and releasing a live cell by dielectrophoresis on a coplanar transmission line with a little protrusion in one of its ground electrodes. The same transmission line is used as the calibration standard when covered by various solutions of known permittivities. The results show that the calibration technique may be precise enough to differentiate cells of different nucleus sizes, despite the measured difference being less than 0.01 dB in the deembedded scattering parameters. With better accuracy and throughput, the calibration technique may allow broadband electrical sensing of live cells in a high-throughput cytometer.more » « less
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Recently, ultra-wideband electrical sensing has been developed as a fast, compact, and label-free technique to characterize a biological cell noninvasively and to extract its intracellular properties. This paper presents, for the first time, the use of the technique to sense the change in the nucleus size of a live Jurkat cell. The experiment is based on trapping and detrapping the cell by dielectrophoresis on a coplanar waveguide and measuring the return and insertion losses due to the presence of the cell from 9 kHz to 9 GHz. The results have been validated by traditional fluorescence microscopy. In the future, by extending the technique to detect changes in nucleus shape and DNA content, it could be used to distinguish cancerous cells from normal cells, for example.more » « less
