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Abstract Recently, layered transition metal thiophosphate MPX₃(M= transition metals,X= S or Se) have gained significant attention because of their rich magnetic, optical, and electronic properties. Specifically, the diverse magnetic structures and the robustness of magnetism in the two-dimensional (2D) limit have made them prominent candidates to study 2D magnetism. Numerous efforts such as substitutions and interlayer intercalations have been adopted to tune the magnetic properties of these materials, which has greatly deepened the understanding of the underlying mechanisms that govern the properties. In this work, we focus on modifying the magnetism of Ising-type antiferromagnet FePS₃using electrochemical lithium intercalation. Our work demonstrate the effectiveness of electrochemical intercalation as a controllable tool to modulating magnetism, including tuning magnetic ordering temperature and inducing low temperature spin-glass state, offering an approach for implementing this material into applications. 

This paper introduces an efficient approach for solving the Electric Field Integral Equation (EFIE) with highorder accuracy by explicitly enforcing the continuity of the impressed current densities across boundaries of the surface patch discretization. The integral operator involved is discretized via a Nystrom-collocation approach based on Chebyshev polynomial expansion within each patch and a closed quadrature rule is utilized such that the discretization points inside one patch coincide with those inside another patch on the shared boundary of those two patches. The continuity enforcement is achieved by constructing a mapping from those coninciding points to a vector containing unique discretization points used in the GMRES iterative solver. The proposed approach is applied to the scattering of several different geometries including a sphere, a cube, a NURBS model imported from CAD software, and a dipole structure and results are compared with the Magnetic Field Integral Equation (MFIE) and the EFIE without enforcing continuity to illustrate the effectiveness of the approach.