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Abstract We derive purely gravitational constraints on dark matter and cosmic neutrino profiles in the solar system using asteroid (101955) Bennu. We focus on Bennu because of its extensive tracking data and high-fidelity trajectory modeling resulting from the OSIRIS-REx mission. We find that the local density of dark matter is bound byρ_DM ≲ 3.3 × 10^-15 kg/m³ ≃ 6 × 10⁶ ρ̅_DM, in the vicinity of ∼ 1.1 au (where ρ̅_DM ≃ 0.3 GeV/cm³). We show that high-precision tracking data of solar system objects can constrain cosmic neutrino overdensities relative to the Standard Model prediction n̅_ν, at the level ofη ≡ n_ν/n̅_ν ≲ 1.7 × 10¹¹(0.1 eV/m_ν) (Saturn), comparable to the existing bounds from KATRIN and other previous laboratory experiments (withm_νthe neutrino mass). These local bounds have interesting implications for existing and future direct-detection experiments. Our constraints apply to all dark matter candidates but are particularly meaningful for scenarios including solar halos, stellar basins, and axion miniclusters, which predict overdensities in the solar system. Furthermore, introducing a DM-SM long-range fifth force with a strength α̃_Dtimes stronger than gravity, Bennu can set a constraint onρ_DM ≲ ρ̅_DM(6 × 10⁶/α̃_D). These constraints can be improved in the future as the accuracy of tracking data improves, observational arcs increase, and more missions visit asteroids. 

We used the monochromatic soft-x-ray beamline P04 at the synchrotron-radiation facility PETRA III to resonantly excite the strongest $2p\text{−}3d$transitions in neonlike $\mathrm{Ni}$ions, ${\left[2p^6\right]}_{J=0}\to {\left[{\left(2p^5\right)}_{1/2}3d_{3/2}\right]}_{J=1}$and ${\left[2p^6\right]}_{J=0}\to {\left[{\left(2p^5\right)}_{3/2}3d_{5/2}\right]}_{J=1}$, respectively dubbed $3C$and $3D$, achieving a resolving power of 15 000 and signal-to-background ratio of 30. We obtain their natural linewidths, with an accuracy of better than 10%, as well as the oscillator-strength ratio $f\left(3C\right)/f\left(3D\right)=2.51\left(11\right)$from analysis of the resonant fluorescence spectra. These results agree with those of previous experiments, earlier predictions, and our own advanced calculations. Published by the American Physical Society2024 

Abstract Recent advances in optical atomic clocks and optical time transfer have enabled new possibilities in precision metrology for both tests of fundamental physics and timing applications. Here we describe a space mission concept that would place a state-of-the-art optical atomic clock in an eccentric orbit around Earth. A high stability laser link would connect the relative time, range, and velocity of the orbiting spacecraft to earthbound stations. The primary goal for this mission would be to test the gravitational redshift, a classical test of general relativity, with a sensitivity 30 000 times beyond current limits. Additional science objectives include other tests of relativity, enhanced searches for dark matter and drifts in fundamental constants, and establishing a high accuracy international time/geodesic reference. 

Molecules containing short-lived, radioactive nuclei are uniquely positioned to enable a wide range of scientific discoveries in the areas of fundamental symmetries, astrophysics, nuclear structure, and chemistry. Recent advances in the ability to create, cool, and control complex molecules down to the quantum level, along with recent and upcoming advances in radioactive species production at several facilities around the world, create a compelling opportunity to coordinate and combine these efforts to bring precision measurement and control to molecules containing extreme nuclei. In this manuscript, we review the scientific case for studying radioactive molecules, discuss recent atomic, molecular, nuclear, astrophysical, and chemical advances which provide the foundation for their study, describe the facilities where these species are and will be produced, and provide an outlook for the future of this nascent field.