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Lawrence, Neil (Ed.)Autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in language tasks but face two significant bottlenecks: (1) quadratic complexity in the attention module as the number of tokens increases, and (2) limited efficiency due to the sequential processing nature of autoregressive LLMs during generation. While linear attention and speculative decoding offer potential solutions, their applicability and synergistic potential for enhancing autoregressive LLMs remain uncertain. We conduct the first comprehensive study on the efficacy of existing linear attention methods for autoregressive LLMs, integrating them with speculative decoding. We introduce an augmentation technique for linear attention that ensures compatibility with speculative decoding, enabling more efficient training and serving of LLMs. Extensive experiments and ablation studies involving seven existing linear attention models and five encoder/decoder-based LLMs consistently validate the effectiveness of our augmented linearized LLMs. Notably, our approach achieves up to a 6.67 reduction in perplexity on the LLaMA model and up to a 2× speedup during generation compared to prior linear attention methods. Codes and models are available at https://github.com/GATECH-EIC/Linearized-LLM.more » « lessFree, publicly-accessible full text available July 21, 2025
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Lawrence, Neil (Ed.)Autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in language tasks but face two significant bottlenecks: (1) quadratic complexity in the attention module as the number of tokens increases, and (2) limited efficiency due to the sequential processing nature of autoregressive LLMs during generation. While linear attention and speculative decoding offer potential solutions, their applicability and synergistic potential for enhancing autoregressive LLMs remain uncertain. We conduct the first comprehensive study on the efficacy of existing linear attention methods for autoregressive LLMs, integrating them with speculative decoding. We introduce an augmentation technique for linear attention that ensures compatibility with speculative decoding, enabling more efficient training and serving of LLMs. Extensive experiments and ablation studies involving seven existing linear attention models and five encoder/decoder-based LLMs consistently validate the effectiveness of our augmented linearized LLMs. Notably, our approach achieves up to a 6.67 reduction in perplexity on the LLaMA model and up to a 2× speedup during generation compared to prior linear attention methods. Codes and models are available at https://github.com/GATECH-EIC/Linearized-LLM.more » « lessFree, publicly-accessible full text available July 21, 2025
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available July 11, 2025
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The deployment of Deep Learning Recommendation Models (DLRMs) involves the parallelization of extra-large embedding tables (EMTs) on multiple GPUs. Existing works overlook the input-dependent behavior of EMTs and parallelize them in a coarse-grained manner, resulting in unbalanced workload distribution and inter-GPU communication. To this end, we propose OPER, an algorithm-system co-design with OPtimality-guided Embedding table parallelization for large-scale Recommendation model training and inference. The core idea of OPER is to explore the connection between DLRM inputs and the efficiency of distributed EMTs, aiming to provide a near-optimal parallelization strategy for EMTs. Specifically, we conduct an in-depth analysis of various types of EMTs parallelism and propose a heuristic search algorithm to efficiently approximate an empirically near-optimal EMT parallelization. Furthermore, we implement a distributed shared memory-based system, which supports the lightweight but complex computation and communication pattern of fine-grained EMT parallelization, effectively converting theoretical improvements into real speedups. Extensive evaluation shows that OPER achieves 2.3× and 4.0× speedup on average in training and inference, respectively, over state-of-the-art DLRM frameworks.more » « lessFree, publicly-accessible full text available July 10, 2025
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available April 27, 2025
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Melanins have complex structures, difficult-to-characterize properties, and poorly understood biological functions. Electrochemical methods are revealing how melanin's redox-state molecular-switching is coupled to its electron-transfer activities.
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available March 15, 2025
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Free, publicly-accessible full text available December 20, 2024