Search for: All records

Responsive neurostimulation is increasingly required to probe neural circuit function and treat neuropsychiatric disorders. We introduce a multiplex-then-amplify (MTA) scheme that, in contrast to current approaches (which necessitate an equal number of amplifiers as number of channels), only requires one amplifier per multiplexer, significantly reducing the number of components and the size of electronics in multichannel acquisition systems. It also enables simultaneous stimulation of arbitrary waveforms on multiple independent channels. We validated the function of MTA by developing a fully implantable, responsive embedded system that merges the ability to acquire individual neural action potentials using conformable conducting polymer-based electrodes with real-time onboard processing, low-latency arbitrary waveform stimulation, and local data storage within a miniaturized physical footprint. We verified established responsive neurostimulation protocols and developed a network intervention to suppress pathological coupling between the hippocampus and cortex during interictal epileptiform discharges. The MTA design enables effective, self-contained, chronic neural network manipulation with translational relevance to the treatment of neuropsychiatric disease. 

Bioelectronic devices should optimally merge a soft, biocompatible tissue interface with capacity for local, advanced signal processing. Here, we introduce an organic mixed-conducting particulate composite material (MCP) that can form functional electronic components by varying particle size and density. We created MCP-based high-performance anisotropic films, independently addressable transistors, resistors, and diodes that are pattern free, scalable, and biocompatible. MCP enabled facile and effective electronic bonding between soft and rigid electronics, permitting recording of neurophysiological data at the resolution of individual neurons from freely moving rodents and from the surface of the human brain through a small opening in the skull. We also noninvasively acquired high–spatiotemporal resolution electrophysiological signals by directly interfacing MCP with human skin. MCP provides a single-material solution to facilitate development of bioelectronic devices that can safely acquire, transmit, and process complex biological signals.